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| 1942: The "Final Solution" |
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pg. 387 |
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This cap was worn by Karel Bruml during his time in Auschwitz. Bruml was first imprisoned in Theresienstadt, the "model" ghetto in Czechoslovakia. He was transported in 1942 to Auschwitz, where, because he was an artist by trade, he was forced to paint numbers on prison uniforms. A hierarchy existed within the camps: The lower one's number, the greater the privileges afforded to the prisoner. Bruml assigned himself this relatively low number.
Photo: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Photo Archive
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The Nazis began to deport Jews from the Plonsk (Poland) Ghetto on November 1, 1942. Rather than ship them to one of the Operation Reinhard death camps, the Germans sent them to a new death facility, Auschwitz, which would become the deadliest of the camps. Twelve thousand Plonsk Jews were killed at Auschwitz in this action.
Photo: Main Commission for the Investigation of Nazi War Crimes / United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Photo Archive
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A frame from a propaganda filmstrip depicts how relationships between Jews and non-Jews defile the "Aryan race." A major feature of Nazi ideology was racial purity. The Nuremberg Laws of 1935 explicitly prohibited interfaith marriages and outlawed sexual relations between Aryans and Jews. Joseph Goebbels's propaganda empire worked overtime to create graphic visual imagery that portrayed the dangers of "race defilement."
Photo: Roland Klemig / United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Photo Archive
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November 5, 1942: An SS man in Ciechanów, Poland, politely asks a Jewish woman to hand him her baby. When she complies, the trooper smashes the baby to the street headfirst, killing it.
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November 5, 1942: Jewish men from Stopnica, Poland, are sent to a slave-labor camp at Skarzysko-Kamienna, while 400 old people and children are shot in the town cemetery. Three thousand others are put on a forced march; many are shot along the way, and survivors are sent to Treblinka.
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November 5, 1942: Peasants in Siedliszcze, Poland, gather scythes in anticipation of the day's roundup of Jews, for which they'll be paid for each Jew caught.
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November 5, 1942: Six hundred Jews from Borislav, Poland, are deported naked to prevent resistance.
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November 5, 1942: 745 Jews, including 35 residents of the Rothschild Old Age Home, are deported from Paris to Auschwitz. After arrival, Jews awaiting entry into the gas chamber spy a truck loaded with corpses but continue on to their deaths.
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November 5-11, 1942: 1060 Greece-born Jews in and around Paris are seized and deported to Auschwitz.
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| 1942: The "Final Solution" |
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pg. 387 |
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The Holocaust Chronicle
© 2009 Publications International, Ltd.
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