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| 1939: The War Against The Jews |
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pg. 162 |
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Not everyone was unsympathetic to the plight of Europe's Jews. Among those who favored helping them was American comic film actor Joe E. Brown. He's pictured here testifying before the House Immigration Committee in support of a bill that would admit 20,000 German refugee children to the United States. Brown did his part by adopting two German-Jewish boys.
Photo: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Photo Archive
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A group of German-Jewish refugee children enjoys a game of leapfrog at a suburban estate outside of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Approximately 50 children received free ocean passage and were housed at this estate until foster homes were found. Securing entry into the United States required a combination of money, connections, and luck. Without all three, European Jews were prevented from entering the United States, in spite of the fact that the immigration quotas remained unfilled.
Photo: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Photo Archive
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Julius Streicher
Next to Hitler, Julius Streicher was arguably the Nazi Party's most outspoken and most virulent antisemite. He was surly and utterly crude. His fondness for beating political prisoners with a riding whip was exceeded only by his shameless eagerness to amass personal wealth from confiscated Jewish property. A decorated veteran of World War I, Streicher blamed Jews for the loss of the war and for Germany's misfortune. In 1919 he became leader of an antisemitic political party in Bavaria, and two years later joined the Nazi Party, bringing his own supporters with him. By 1923 he had established his own journal, the notorious Der Stürmer (The Stormer). The illustrated weekly consisted of lurid, coarsely written stories of Jewish ritual murder and rape of Christian girls. Displayed in public places and widely read, Der Stürmer's vulgar pornographic cartoons graphically depicted stereotyped images of Jews. Bold headlines warned of Jewish plots against Aryans and urged boycotts of Jewish businesses. During World War II his paper supported Nazi extermination policies. Streicher rose within the ranks of the Party to become Gauleiter of Franconia. However, corruption, sexual depravity, and conflict with other high Party officials ultimately led to his dismissal from Party posts. He was hanged for crimes against humanity in 1946.
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April 28, 1939: Hitler offers a mocking response to United States President Franklin Roosevelt's April 15 request to respect the independence of European nations.
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April 30, 1939: Tenancy protection for Jews in Germany is revoked. This will pave the way for their relocation to "communal Jewish houses."
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May 1939: In Hungary, discriminatory laws are passed against Jews engaged in law and medicine. Jewish participation in the economy is restricted to six percent.
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May 3, 1939: Hoping to establish rapprochement with Nazi Germany, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin replaces his Jewish commissar for foreign affairs, Maksim Litvinov, with the less British-oriented Viacheslav Molotov.
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| 1939: The War Against The Jews |
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pg. 162 |
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The Holocaust Chronicle
© 2009 Publications International, Ltd.
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