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| 1939: The War Against The Jews |
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pg. 163 |
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The headline of this June 1939 edition of Julius Streicher's Der Stürmer reads, "Search for Jewish Legacy: Jews and the German Waltz King Johann Strauss/The Intrigues of the Jewess Menszner-Strauss/A Lamentable Talmudism." It was typical of the Nazis to blame perceived faults in German cultural figures upon those figures' Jewish wives. The cartoon shows the "Jewish Devil-Snake" assaulting an Aryan maiden. The Talmud is in the background. Many National Socialist publications regularly depicted Jewish religious texts as founts of evil, eternally dangerous to the German people. Typical of Der Stürmer, this front-page graphic skates close to pornography. The paper's unashamed emphasis on titillation--typically via the cartoons of "Fips," a pseudonym for artist Philip Rupprecht--attracted more than its share of undiscriminating readers. The weekly paper's paid circulation was by this time about 500,000.
Photo: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Photo Archive
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French Premier Edouard Daladier (left) and British Minister of War Leslie Hore-Belisha stand shoulder to shoulder during a military parade marking the 150th anniversary of Bastille Day on July 14, 1939. The staged demonstration celebrated the military might of the "United Front" and included British planes, sailors, and marines. A few days prior to the parade, 100 British bombing planes flew from England far over French territory and back in a formidable display of potential power.
Photo: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Photo Archive
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Czech and German Jews arrive in Rhodes on a refugee ship en route to Palestine. Following the Kristallnacht pogroms, the pace of Jewish emigration from the greater German Reich intensified in spite of the limited space aboard ships, the rarity of visa entries, and the difficulty of obtaining the necessary travel documents. Between November 1938 and September 1939, approximately 150,000 Jews fled Germany.
Photo: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Photo Archive
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May 15, 1939: A women's concentration camp opens at Ravensbrück, 50 miles north of Berlin.
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May 15, 1939: The German refugee ship St. Louis leaves Hamburg. Most of the thousand or so passengers are Jewish escapees from Nazi Germany. They have landing passes for Cuba as well as quota numbers that could allow them entry into the United States three years hence; See June 1939.
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May 17, 1939: The British government issues a White Paper (commonly called the MacDonald White Paper) that limits Jewish immigration to 10,000 a year for five years. The White Paper allows 75,000 Jewish immigrants (up to 10,000 per year, plus an additional 25,000 if certain conditions are met) to enter Palestine. The White Paper also restricts Jewish land purchases in Palestine. British government policy will succeed in keeping the actual numbers of Jewish immigrants far below the quotas for settlement in England and Palestine.
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| 1939: The War Against The Jews |
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pg. 163 |
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The Holocaust Chronicle
© 2009 Publications International, Ltd.
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