Index

J

Jackson, Robert H., 580, 634, 636, 636, 639, 649
Jacob, Max, 514
Jacob, Simone, 522
Jacobson, Leon, 591
Jadovno (Croatia) concentration camp, 224
Jaffa, Palestine, 504, 504-105
Jåger, Karl, 236, 266, 284-85, 671
Jaktorów (Poland) slave-labor camp, 469
Jamaica, 400
Jannina, Greece, 517
Janówska (Ukraine) concentration/labor camp, 308, 335, 423, 459, 466, 467-68, 469
	killings at, 332, 456
	liquidation of corpse-burning squad, 492
	murders near, 456, 474
	orchestra, 391
	sexual abuse of women by SS, 473, 474
	Sonderkommando revolt, 499
Japan, 589, 587
	Anti-Comintern Pact, 507-8
	bombing Pearl Harbor, 212-13, 285, 289
	China declares war on, 287
	immigration to, 593-94
	military agreement with Germany, 519
	relations with Germany, 513
	Soviets declare war on, 629
	surrender of, 630
	treaty with Germany and Italy, 203
	visas, 201
	war declared on, 286
Jasenovac (Croatia) concentration camp, 232, 257, 356, 414, 609
Jawiszowice (Poland) slave-labor camp, 343, 351
Jaworów, Poland, 360, 443
Jaworzno, Poland, 459
Jebwabne, Lithuania, 246
Jeckeln, Friedrich, 259, 643
Jedrzejów, Poland, 367
Jehovah's Witnesses, 57, 571, 588, 409, 511, 513, 569, 581, 685, 695
Jerusalem, 58, 20, 31, 43, 44, 46, 515, 282, 296-97, 417, 450-51, 619, 648, 656, 657, 659, 684, 685, 687, 696
	anti-Jewish riots in, 39
	attacks in, 46
	capture of, 21
	District Court trial, 674
	Holocaust survivors, 679
	immigration to, 593-94
	refugees in, 595
	West German offer of reparations, 667
Jesuits, 512, 538
Jesus of Nazareth, 58, 59, 20, 43, 45, 46, 501, 517, 525, 260, 288. See also Christ
Jeunesse Nationale, 42-43
Jew
	beginnings of, 58
	defined, 55, 60
"Jew and France, The," 260, 263, 263
Jewelry, 558, 616
Jewish Advertiser, The, 298
Jewish Agency Executive, 569-170, 571
Jewish Agency for Palestine, 554, 396, 417, 484, 631, 632, 666, 690
Jewish Americans, 558
Jewish Anti-Defamation League, 34
Jewish Antifascist Committee, 318, 335, 389, 551, 661
Jewish athletes, 97-99
Jewish Brigade, 366, 509, 538, 555, 560, 566, 570, 576, 576
Jewish Bund, 327, 328
Jewish Center, 514
Jewish Christian, 20
Jewish-Christian marriages, 594
Jewish Chronicle, 687
Jewish Combat Organization, 297
Jewish combatants, 366
Jewish Congress, 665
Jewish Councils, 549, 571, 590, 591, 216, 221, 237, 241, 244, 247, 253, 262, 263, 282, 289, 295, 297, 301, 319, 321, 328, 339, 341, 346, 350, 352, 385, 415, 423, 425
Jewish Cultural Association, 572
Jewish Cultural League, 564, 564
Jewish Distribution Committee, 517
Jewish District of Jerusalem bombing, 664
Jewish Emigration Office, 555. See also Emigration
Jewish Fighting Organization. See Zydowska Organizacja Bojowa
Jewish Historical Documentation Center, 673, 674
Jewish holiday removal, 77
Jewish immigration, United States and, 588-89
Jewish intelligentsia, 438
Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, 531, 532
Jewish kings, 58
Jewish Labor Committee, 71, 89, 513
Jewish Law (France), 597
Jewish merchants, 517, 520-21
Jewish military organization, 529
Jewish National Council, 662
Jewish Newsletter, 524
Jewish New Year, 267
Jewish Orthodox Hospital, 585
Jewish-Palestinian paratrooper, 565, 570, 573
"Jewish Plot, The," 388
Jewish population, postwar, 663
Jewish professionals boycott, 61-62
Jewish Quarter, 24, 369, 406, 455
"Jewish question." See "Final Solution"
Jewish Question as a Racial, Moral and Cultural Problem, The, 29, 515
Jewish Resistance, 514, 515, 423, 438, 447, 529, 533, 637. See also Partisans; Resistance
Jewish Review, 85
Jewish Ritual Murder, The, 454
Jewish Scriptures, 59
Jewish Self-Help Society, 394
Jewish Social Democrat Party, 452
Jewish State, The, 31
Jewish State Theater, Moscow, 661
"Jewish Statute" (France), 203, 204, 205
Jewish underground, 263, 444 657. See also Jewish Resistance; Resistance
Jewish War Veterans of America, 60, 514
Jewish Winter Aid, 524
Jewish World Pest, The, 663
Jewish World Plague, The, 552
Jewry
	citizenship stripping of, 86
	determination of, 87
	German national organization of, 85
"Jewry in Music," 30
Jews
	annihilation of, 304
	arresting of, 529
	civil service and, 95
	German goods, services boycott by American, 60-61, 68-69, 71, 71
	hair color and, 83
	hiding, 486
	identity cards for, 531
	Karaite, 554
	killed by Nazis, 211, 437
	killed in World War II, 581
	legal system and, 501
	Nazi propaganda about, 316
	Olympic games and, 97-98
	police surveillance of, 505
	Polish, 500, 202
	ration cards for, 567
Jews and Their Lies, The, 42
"Jews are our misfortune, The," 49
Jodl, Alfred, 239, 579, 617, 617, 640, 651, 652
Johanngeorgenstadt (Germany) camp, 608
Johst, Hanns, 57
Joint Boycott Council, 89
Joint Distribution Committee, 400, 648. See also American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee
Joint Emergency Committee for European Jewish Affairs, 380, 443, 436
Joint Rescue Committee, 417
Joly, Maurice, 27
Jordan, 662, 675
Jósefváros station, 571
Josiah Wedgewood, 646
Journal of Historical Review, 678
Journalists, 67, 69, 70, 80
Journal for Racial Science, 89
Joyce, William, 364
Jozefek, Kazimierz, 511
Józefów (Poland) labor camp, 200, 334
Jud Süss, 202, 203, 670
Judaism, 21, 43, 60, 632, 687
	badge of, 577
	communism and, 552, 553
	exodus and, 44
	Jesuit journal on, 538
	modernization, 26
	practice of, 87
	rituals, 644
Judas, 46
Jude, 54, 533, 537, 577, 268
Judea, 59
Juden raus, 672
Judenhass, 28, 41
Judenrat (Judenråte), 549, 571, 578, 579, 580, 207, 289, 340, 341, 346, 350, 352, 355, 369, 383, 386, 447, 479
Judenrein, 549, 257, 313, 317, 351, 451, 480, 674
Jüdische Auswanderung, 509
Jüdische Kulturbund, 564
Jüdische Rundschau, 62, 85
Jüdische Winterhilfe, 524
Jüdischer Wohnbezirk, 215
Jüdisches Nachrichtenblatt, 524, 530
Jüdisches Siedlungsgebiet, 215
Jugendschutzlager, 486
Jungmådelbund, 82
Jungsturm Adolf Hitler, 39, 44
Jungvolk, 502
Jurezkaya, Dr. Niuta, 459-60
Justman, Reginka, 362

K

Kadar, Gyorgy, 512, 547
Kaddish, 528
Kadima, 474
Kahr, Gustav von, 23-24, 24
Kaiser Wilhelm I, 28, 30, 33, 36
Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, Human Genetics, and Eugenics, 45, 225, 233, 384
Kaiserwald (Latvia) camp, 550
Kalávrita, Greece, 501
Kalisz, Poland, 583, 276, 278
Kalkstein, Henny, 486
Kallenburg district, Amsterdam, 463
Kalman Tisza square, 569
Kaltenbrunner, Ernst, 418, 421, 454, 634, 651, 652
Kalush, Ukraine, 367
Kaluszyn, Poland, 371
Kamenets-Podolski, Ukraine, 241, 248, 256, 259
Kamenka, Ukraine, 242, 367
Kamenka-Bugskaya, Ukraine, 463
Kamien Koszyrski village, Ukraine, 253
Kampfbund für Deutsche Kultur, 46
Kampinos Forest, 228
Kanal, 671
Kaplan, Chaim, 581, 281, 558
Kaplan, Joseph, 362
Kaplanas, Zahar, 518
Kapler, Jacob, 481
Kaplinski, Hirsch, 347, 393-94
Kaplinski, Shmuel, 371
Kapos, 460, 467, 512, 615, 622
Kappler, Herbert, 519
Karaite Jews, 554
Karasa, Hans, 543
Karlsbad, Czechoslovakia, 538
Karlsruhe, Germany, 69
Karski, Jan, 328, 382, 389, 389, 409, 466, 468
Kartshak, Raizel, 464
Kasztner, Rezso, 551
"Kasztner train," 551
Katowice, Poland, 200
Katyn Forest, 593, 442, 445
Katz, Edita, 553-54
Katz, Jacob, 495
Katz, Lili, 557
Katz, Nettie Stub, 541
Katz, Steven T., 653
Katzenelson, Itzhak, 523
Katzmann, Fritz, 671-72
Katzowicz brothers, 472
Kaufering (Germany) camp, 612, 613, 623
Kaufmann, Marion, 560
Kaunitz, Germany, 603
Kazassov, Dimo, 214
Kazet Theatre, 659
Kédainiai, Lithuania, 259
Keilis (Lithuania) slave-labor camp, 464, 476
Keitel, Wilhelm, 576, 597, 205, 263, 497, 617, 635, 640, 650, 650, 651, 652
	Night and Fog Decree and, 283
Kelbasin (Poland) holding camp, 385
Keller, Helen, 65
Kempka, Erich, 611
Kempner, Vitka, 335, 336, 464, 476
Kerch, Soviet Union, 317
Kersten, Dr. Felix, 590, 597
Ketteler House, 542
Keynes, John Maynard, 20
Kharkov (Ukraine) Ghetto, 270, 287, 298, 300, 399, 431, 473
Khmel'nik (Ukraine) Ghetto, 330, 434
Khotin, Ukraine, 245
Kibbutz, 578, 529, 627
	Afikim, 626
	Buchenwald, 626, 627
	Nili, 627
Kiddush cups, 435
Kiddush ha-Hayyim, 370
Kiddush ha-Shem, 370
Kielce, Poland, 647, 648, 648-49
Kielce (Poland) Ghetto, 219, 297
	deportation to Treblinka, 354
	deportees in, 226
	establishment of, 222
	resistance organized in, 393
Kien, Peter, 543
Kiev, Ukraine, 211, 280
	commemorating Babi Yar massacre, 562
	foreign newspapers report murders in, 279
	Germans capture, 264
	killing ground wall collapse in, 673
	massacre, 269, 270, 270, 271, 271
	pigeon-keepers murdered, 276
	police armbands in, 266
	resettlement and, 268, 270
Killing Center No. 2, 279. See also Ninth Fort
Killing squads, 241, 256. See also Einsatzgruppen
Killing vans, 213. See also Gassing van
Kindertransport, 546, 547, 564
King Christian X (Denmark), 592
King David Hotel (Jerusalem), 648, 649
King, George E., 460
King, Jr., Martin Luther, 695
Kingdom of Jordan, 662
Kingdom of Memory, 57
King's Men, 65
Kirchhausen, Trude, 514
"Kirken grunn," 313
Kirschenbaum, Menahem, 389
Kirshenbaum, Mordechai, 320
Kishinev, Romania, 241, 247, 253
Kistarcsa, Hungary, 523, 542
Kisvárda (Hungary) Ghetto, 526
Kittel, Bruno, 467
Klagenfurt, Austria, 637
Klajnman, Seweryn, 477
Klarsfeld, Beate, 669, 673
Klarsfeld, Serge, 673
Klausner, Rabbi Abraham, 630
Kleck, Belorussia, 334, 338
Kleck, Poland, 409-10
Kleiman, Johannes, 548
Klein, Andrew, 640
Klein, Gerda Weissman, 296, 639, 641
Klein, Kurt, 639
Klein, Sara, 520
Klein, William, 640
Kleppfisch, Irena, 446
Kleppfisch, Michael, 446
Klessheim Castle, 443
Klimov, Elem, 680
Klooga (Estonia) concentration/slave-labor camp, 493, 553
	deportation to, 471
	liberation of, 562, 563
	pyres at, 587
	SS murders, 560
Klopfer, Gerhard, 300, 303
Kluger, Ladislaus, 573-74
Knesset, 653, 655, 667, 682, 697
Koc, Pulkownik Adam, 509
Koch, Erich, 214, 664, 665
Koch, Ilse, 516, 517, 593, 595
Koch, Karl Otto, 516, 517
Kochendorf (Germany) concentration camp, 600
Koco Affair (Amsterdam), 218, 219
Koegel, Max, 397
Kogon, Eugen, 655
Kohan, Albert, 471
Kohl, Helmut, 665, 681, 695
Koidanav, Belorussia, 274, 308
Kolbe, Maximillian, 214, 248, 248
Kolbuszowa (Poland) Ghetto, 372
Koldichevo (Belorussia) camp, 493, 517
Kolmar, Gertrud, 567
Kolo, Poland, Jews gassed from, 286
Kolomyia (Ukraine) Ghetto
	deportation to Belzec, 364
	intellectuals murdered in, 304
	liquidated, 423, 434
Kolski, Abraham, 471
Kommandobefehl, 379
Kommissarbefehl, 220, 223
Komoly, Ottó, 425, 557-58, 582
Konev, Ivan S., 589, 614
Koniecpol, Poland, 481
Königsberg (Germany) camp, 583, 591-92
Konin, Poland, 469
Konskowola (Poland) camp, 231
Kook, Hillel, 428
Koot (Dutch Nazi), 217
Kopernik (Poland) camp, 414
Koplewicz, Josef, 425
Korczak, Janusz, 297
Koritz, Ukraine, 241-42, 370
Kornmann, Gerard, 444
Kos, 543, 545, 546, 551
Kosciuszko Division, 515
Kosher laws, 205
Kosovo, ethnic cleansings, 59
Kosow-Lacki, Poland, 636
Kossak-Szczucka, Zofia, 395
Kossuth Platz, 587
Köszeg (Hungary) Ghetto/slave-labor camp, 528, 596
Kotnowski, 437
Kovel, Soviet Union, 280
Kovner, Abba, 213, 291, 357, 474, 480, 490-91, 698
Kovno (Lithuania) Ghetto, 581, 589, 592, 201, 241, 242, 257, 273, 295, 321
	beating Jews to death in, 238
	burning of, 541
	established, 235, 236
	evacuation of, 537
	execution, 212, 236, 256, 501
	hiding in cellar, 541
	Jewish Council in, 352
	liberated by Red Army, 548
	medical training, 422
	murders in, 271, 279
	Ninth Fort in, 503, 559
	orphanage, 516
	Paris Jews to, 525, 526
	partisans, 474, 537
	pogrom, 248
	public hanging, 393
	regulations, 241
	Resistance, 295
	sent to Klooga, Estonia, 493
	synagogue execution, 266
	underground bunkers in, 559
Kowale Panskie, Poland, 338
Koydzenik, Yehiel, 675
Koyfman, Moyshe, 433
Kozibrodska, Lonka, 437
Kraft, 262
Kraft durch Freude, 71
Kragujevac, Yugoslavia, 275, 279
Kraków, Poland, 552, 575, 223, 383, 412, 465, 645, 661
	anti-Jewish riots in, 629
	Auschwitz administration trial, 660
	coffeehouse attack, 401-2
	exit visas canceled, 206
	Frank in, 574
	Generalgouvernement, 327
	hospital, 486
	meeting on Jewish elimination, 455-56
	Nazis sentence Poles aiding Jews, 511
	occupation of, 570
	rail lines disrupted, 392
	Schindler factory, 565
	synagogue destruction, 500
	underground, 394
Kraków (Poland) Ghetto, 594, 295, 310, 360
	camp leader, 698
	deportation, 596, 326, 436
	establishment of, 221
	head shaving at, 590
	identification papers check, 222
	Jews sent to Belzec, 381
	liquidated, 328, 438
	main gate of, 222
	resistance, 447
	sealing of, 221, 222
	Soviet liberation, 586
Kraljevo, Yugoslavia, 274
Kralovsky-Chlumec, Slovakia, 330
Kramer, Josef, 600
"Krasnodar Trial," 464
Kraus, Fanny, 453
Krauze, Janek, 439
Kreiner, Helga, 547
Kreisau Circle, 497, 564
Kremenchug, Ukraine, 302
Kremenets (Ukraine) Ghetto, 348-49, 351
Kripo (criminal police), 581
Kristallnacht, 516, 520-21, 523, 525, 534, 540-41, 542, 543, 543, 544, 545, 546, 563, 696
Kritzinger, Friedrich, 300, 303
Krosigk, Lutz Schwerin von, 663
Krüger, Friedrich Wilhelm, 583, 301, 344, 455-56, 624
Kruk, Hermann, 402
Krupp, Alfred, 443
Krupp Works, 230, 562, 691, 692
	arms factory at Mariupol, 483
	factory at Auschwitz, 459
	Trial, 659
Kruszyna, Poland, 400-401
Krychów (Poland) slave-labor camp, 472
Krzepicki, Abraham Jakób, 358, 366, 665
Kube, Wilhelm, 273, 273, 342, 481
Kubis, Jan, 323, 331, 332
Kugler, Victor, 548
Kuhn, Fritz, 89, 289
Ku Klux Klan, 27
Kulturbund Deutscher Juden, 535
Kurcweig, Hersz, 501-2
Kurfürstendamm, 48
Kursk, Russia, 425, 463, 466
Kushnir, Shlomo, 517
Kyustendil Jews, 435

L

Labor Allocation, 562
Labor camps, 200, 252. See also Forced labor; Slave labor; specific camps
Labor Front, 514, 340
Labor pass, 366
Labor Zionist, 66
Lachman, Erich, 471
Lachva, Belorussia, 362
Lackie Wielkie (Poland) slave-labor camp, 469
LaFarge, Father John, 512
Lagarde, Paul Anton de, 32, 538
La Guardia, Fiorello, 517, 233, 496, 644
La mémoire et les jours, 659
Lamhaut, Sara, 355, 508
Lamsdorf (Germany) camp, 592
Landsberg (Germany) concentration camp, 241, 623
Landsberg (Germany) displaced-persons camp, 630
	Passover Seder, 644
Landsberg Prison, 24, 38, 641, 662, 667
Landwacht, 214
Lange, Dr. Rudolf, 300, 303
Langer, Lawrence L., 411, 660, 662, 687
Langer, Mandel, 466
Lanzmann, Claude, 682
La Risiera di San Sabba, Italy, 487, 524
La Rose Orphanage, 420, 439
Lask, Poland, 355
Last Days, The, 686
Lateran Council, 47
Latin America
	immigration to, 581
	Polish Jews to, 649
	transit documents to, 402
	visas, 400
Latrun, Palestine, detention camp, 649
Latvia, 99, 266, 289, 300
	antisemitism in, 259
	auxiliary police, 246
	civilian execution, 252
	collaborationist organization, 234
	ethnic composition of, 237
	forced labor in, 260
	German helpers from, 345
	Germans in, 619
	ghettos in, 581
	Jews in, 91
	Jews murdered in, 251, 285-86
	kidnapping children, 278
	last German Jews deported, killed, 287
	SD guard platoon, 290
	SS in, 248
	Wehrmacht in, 269
Lauenburg, Germany, 586
Laval, Pierre, 586, 296, 314, 327, 368, 398, 628, 633
Law, Richard K., 442
Law Against Dangerous and Habitual Criminals, 71
Law for the Defense of the Nation (Bulgaria), 215
"Law of Judging Nazi Criminals and Their Helpers," 665
Law for Preventing Over-crowding in German Schools and Schools of Higher Education, 55, 63
Law for the Prevention of Offspring with Hereditary Diseases, 67, 76, 91-92
Law for the Protection of German Blood and Honor, 86-87, 93
Law for the Protection of the Hereditary Health of the German People, 93
Law for Reduction of Unemployment, 66
Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service, 54-55, 62-63
Law Regarding Expulsion from the Reich, 75
Law Regarding Revocation of Naturalization and the Annulment of German laws, anti-Jewish, 71
Lawyers, restriction of, 61-62, 65
Lazarus, Emma, 535
League of Antisemites, 41
League of German Girls, 82, 502
League of Nations, 38, 40, 65, 70, 90, 98, 505, 550, 484, 656
League of Young Girls, 82
Lebedew, Aljoscha, 558
Lebensborn, 95, 500, 278
Lebensmittelkarten, 567
Lebensraum, 38-39, 515, 566, 578, 223, 239, 269, 283
Lebensunwertes Leben, 67, 569, 570
Leber, Julius, 564
Le Chambon-sur-Lignon, France, 432, 486, 510
Leclerc, Jacques, 555
Leeb, Wilhelm von, 314
Légion des Volontaires Français, 245
Legion Vlaandern, 256
Legionaire Law and Order Service, 411
Legiunea Arhangehelului Mihail, 44
Le Grande Rafle, 337, 342
Le Hanaff, Germaine, 432
Lehi, 658
Lehrer, Hanna, 284
Leib, Icek, 508
Leibbrandt, Dr. Georg, 300, 302-3
Leibholz, Gerhard, 500, 568
Leibstandarte, 573
Leipzig, Germany, 541, 553, 609
Leitmeritz, Czechoslovakia, 599, 623
Leitner, Isabella, 526
Lejkin, Jacob, 383
Le Juif et la France, 263, 263
Lembruck, Wilhelm, 517
Lemkin, Raphael, 508, 572, 572
Lenczner, Pola, 266
Lend-Lease Bill (United States), 217
Lengyel, Olga, 521
Lenin, V. I., 695
Leningrad, 280, 314
Leo, Albert, 36-37
Leo Baeck Institute, 408
Leopold I, 31
Le Paradis, France, 596, 201, 251-52
Les Accates, France, 420, 439
Lesko, Poland, 256
Les Miserables, 444
Less, Avner, 254
"Lest We Forget," 627
Letterhaus, Bernhard, 573
Leuchter, Fred, 683
Leuchter Report, The, 683
Leuschner, Wilhelm, 562, 564
Levente paramilitary organization, 229
Levi, Ada, 366
Levi, Peppo, 518
Levi, Primo, 342, 343, 360, 628, 628, 682
Levie, Werner, 564
Levin, Meyer, 591
Levinbok, Dr. Zelik, 493
Levine, Gilbert, 677
Levy, Dorothy, 641
Levy, Trudel, 547
Lewental, Salmen, 411
Ley, Robert, 633
Leyson, Leon, 565
Lezaky, Czechoslovakia, 329
Libau, 269
Liberation, The, 530
Liberty Barricade, 325-26
Libya, 203
Lice infestation, 599, 604
Lichtenberg, Father Bernhard, 539, 252, 274, 495, 496
Lichtenstein, Israel, 342-43, 346
Lichtenstein, Margalith, 342-43
Lichtensztajin, Motek, 202
Lichtensztajn, Bluma, 215
Lida, Belorussia, 317, 407, 480
Lidice, Czechoslovakia, 220, 329, 332, 333, 333, 374, 380
Liebehenschel, Arthur, 498
Liebenfels, Lanz von, 33
Lieberman, David, 376
Lieberose, Germany, 559, 574-75
Liebeskind, Aharon, 394, 402
Liebgold, Leon, 567
Liepaja, Latvia, 290, 291
Lietuviu Aktyvistu Frontas, 207
Life and Loves of Beethoven, The, 444
Life insurance, 693-94
Life magazine, 602
Life of Emile Zola, The, 516
Liliana, Lili, 567
Lindbergh, Charles A., 217, 263-64
Linder, Jakub, 393
Linz, Austria, 30, 57, 537, 318, 597, 616, 673
Lions partisan group, 381
Lipiczany Forest, 394
Lipke, Yanis, 288, 487, 488
Lipnicki, Josef, 642
Lipowa Street, 4, 581, 377, 381, 565
Lipowicz, Jerome, 535
Lipowy Most, Poland, 427
Lippert, Julius, 253
Lipstadt, Deborah, 328
Lipszowicz, Eliyahu, 646
"Liquidation of the Jews in Warsaw, The," 389
Lisbon, Portugal, 204, 571
Lismann, Hermann, 434
Liss, Abraham, 391
List, Guido von, 39
List, Mayer, 389-90, 391
"Listen to the Wind," 57
Lithuania, 558, 559, 259, 266, 300, 388
	antisemitism in, 207, 259
	auxiliary troops in, 246, 260
	ethnic composition of, 237
	genocide in, 671
	ghettos in, 581
	greeting German troops, 240
	Jåger's actions in, 266
	Jewry destroyed, 213, 236, 251, 284-85
	partisan activity, 492
	Seventh Fort murders, 245
Lithuanian Activist Front, 207
Lithuanians, auxiliary police, 246
Litin, Ukraine, 266
Litvinov, Maksim, 562-63
Litwak, Fryda, 469
Litzmannstadt. See Lódz Ghetto (Poland)
Liwer, Abram, 242
Liwer, Chava, 242
Liwer, Jadzia, 242
Lloyd, Lord, 207-8
Lobauer, Hilde, 601
Loborgrad (Croatia) concentration camp, 224
Lodge, Sen. Henry Cabot, 344
Lódz (Poland) Ghetto, 581, 590, 590, 232, 287, 299, 364, 418, 437, 520
	antisemitism murders, 645
	Brzeziny Slaskie deportation, 325
	child prisoner, 486
	children to, 379
	deaths in, 511
	deportation from, 579, 276, 299, 322, 363
	deportation to Auschwitz, 549, 550
	deportation to Chelmno, 301, 306, 307, 320, 473, 558
	executions in, 459
	Finkelstein shot in, 221
	forced labor, 301
	Germans deported to, 273
	Gypsies gassed from, 300
	Gypsy camp, 290, 291
	hanging, 341, 329
	hospital raids, 361
	Jewish Council, 237, 362
	Lavee, Tamy, 427
	leader of, 585
	liquidation of, 287, 524
	mental patients, 228, 251
	model of, 591
	money in, 341
	Normandy invasion news in, 530
	notable deaths in, 215
	occupation of, 570
	quotas, 295
	registering for Chelmno death camp, 533
	religious holidays and, 367
	residents, 216
	sealing of, 585, 593
	segregation in, 286
	shoes delivery, 478, 479
	shooting, 394
	Speyer's death in, 320
	starvation in, 218, 321
	suicide in, 319, 342, 345
	truck with luggage of murdered Jews, 315-16
	warehouses, 437
	work in, 326
Loehner-Beda, Fritz, 317
Lohame Herut Israel, 628-29
Lohse, Heinrich, 256, 342
Lomza, Poland, 415
London, 66, 554, 555, 202, 304, 687
	Poland government-in-exile, 574
	press, annihilation story in, 307
	St. James Palace Conference, 296
London, Jack, 65
London Daily Telegraph, 332, 333
London newspapers, Kiev murders reported in, 279
London Sunday Times, 312
London Times, The, 39, 363-64
Long, Breckinridge, 588-89, 597-98, 426, 442, 448, 493-94, 502
Look at the Times, A, 70
Lopatyn, Berl, 519
Lopatyn, Dov, 362
Lord Haw-Haw. See Joyce, William
Lorraine, Germany, 21
Los Angeles, California, 678
Losice, Poland, liquidation of, 354-55
Louis, Joe, 505, 506, 530
Louvre, 690
Lovers of Zion, 655
Low Countries, 577
Löwenberg, Maurice, 547
Lowenstein, Karl, 495
Lower Silesia, 230
Lubaczow, Poland, 412
Lubard Fortress, 244
Lübeck, Germany, 444, 611, 618-19, 627
Lubetkin, Zivia, 209, 405-6, 583, 583
Lubieszow, Volhynia, Ukraine, 242
Lublin, Poland, 551, 573, 591, 310, 379, 467, 479
	anti-Jewish riots, 634
	antisemite murderers, 644
Lublin (Poland) Ghetto, 551, 576, 219, 295, 310
	Coblenz Jews deported to, 328
	deportation to Belzec, 310
	deportation to Majdanek, 364, 545
	deportations to, 592
	established, 224
	forced labor, 407, 436
	German Jews deported to, 273
	liberation of, 506
	massacre, 496
	partisans, 537
	Soviet Union nears, 543
	work camp in, 581
Lublin-Nisko region, Poland, 577, 395, 467
Lubny, Ukraine, 272, 278
Lubomi, Ukraine, 376-77
Luboshitzki, Aaron, 401
Ludendorff, Erich, 24, 42
Ludendorff, Mathilde, 42
Lueger, Dr. Karl, 30-31, 33
Luftwaffe, 502, 594, 599, 203, 382, 384, 513, 613, 640
Lugos, Hungary, 556
Luise-Otto-Peters School, 91
Luków, Poland
	Aktion, 380
	deported to Treblinka, 376
	killings, 449
Luksenburg, William, 605
Lüneberg, Germany, trial, 632
Lüneburg Heath, Germany, 626
Lustig, Fritz, 498
Luther, Martin (Protestant Church founder), 25, 42, 45, 45, 46
Luther, Martin, 89, 525, 541-42, 300, 302, 302, 303, 340, 370, 617
Lutheran Church
	Germans, 501
	in Norway, 313
	objections to euthanasia, 569, 599, 202
	resistance to Hitler, 497
	sanctions opposition by, 63
Lutsk (Ukraine) Ghetto, 287
	executions, 236, 244, 353
	Resistance in, 325
	revolt, 397-98, 402
Lutz, Carl, 568, 572
Lux, Stefan, 505
Luxembourg, 301
	Allied nation, 399
	Ardennes Forest attack by Germans, 575-76
	invasion of, 586, 594
	Jews converted to Christianity, 319
	Jews deported to Poland, 273
	Nuremberg Laws introduction in, 202
Luxembourg Treaty, 669, 683
Lvov (Ukraine) Ghetto, 242, 244, 281, 308, 310, 432, 469, 499
	armed resistance, 461
	deportation to Belzec, 310
	diary, 552
	German condemnation of Poles helping Jews, 313
	Jews deported to Belzec, 344, 349
	Jews killed, 239, 244, 245, 248, 332, 335, 412, 423, 437, 455, 463
	liquidation of, 380, 393, 395, 460-61
	pogrom, 255
	Red Army liberates, 537
	resistance in, 457
	riot, 241, 245
	Soviet Union, 581
	synagogue, 440
	violence in, 244
	weapons in, 457
	Wehrmacht retreats from, 545
Lyakhovichi, Belorussia, 241
Lyons, France, 365, 496, 384, 535
	deportation of Jews and, 431
	executions, 509
	transport to Auschwitz, 557
	uprising in, 496
	war-crimes trial, 682

M

Ma'alot, 665
MacDonald White Paper, 560, 563. See also White Paper: British
Macedonia, Greece, 363, 430, 430, 431, 435, 442, 516
Macek, Vladko, 224
Machtergreifung, 58
MacMichael, Sir Harold, 595-96
Macva region, 264
Mad Tuesday, 556
Madagascar Plan, 538, 541, 200, 204
Madison Square Garden, 80, 89, 556, 513, 344, 433
Madonna and Child, 318
Madritch factory, 231
Magdeburg, Germany, 92
Maginot Line, 581
Maglione, Cardinal Luigi, 403, 490
Maimon, Galil, 665
Maimon, Zipora, 665
Main Office for Race and Resettlement, 555
Majdanek (Poland) concentration/death camp, 595, 247, 295, 312, 343, 368, 388, 407, 415, 434, 467, 470, 479, 479, 544, 626
	administration trial, 678-79
	Allies find exhumed corpses, 543
	Bialystok deportees to, 473
	Brody Jews killed at, 449, 454-55
	burned Torah scroll, 546
	death certificate, 692
	deaths at, 297
	evacuation of, 516, 537
	French Jews, 337
	gas chambers, 344
	guard at, 669
	Holocaust, 682
	ID bracelet, 379
	incinerators at, 543
	Koegel at, 397
	liberation, 506, 597
	Lida Jews to, 480
	Lublin Jews deported to, 364, 545
	massacre, 496
	memorial, 684
	resistance at, 493
	Sapir, 689-90
	shoes, 479
	skeletons, 479
	Sonderkommando executions in, 513
	warning sign, 545
Majtek, Michael, 359, 375
Malaria, 422, 637
Malines, Belgium, 483
Malkes, Salomon, 394
Malmed, Yitzhak, 423-24
Malmédy, Belgium, 576, 577, 636
Malmö, Sweden, 602
Malnutrition, 593
Maly Trostinets (Belorussia)
	concentration camp, 536, 642-43
	gassing vans at, 348
	Jews murdered in, 491, 491
	partially burned corpses, 544
	reaching Red Army, 538-39
Manaster, Helen, 486
Mandate on Palestine, 583. See also White Paper: British
Mandel, Maria, 661
Mann, Heinrich, 200
Mann, Thomas, 65
Manzanar, California, internment camp, 399
Maps
	Allied push on Germany, 589
	Auschwitz, 413
	Baltic nations' concentration camps, 439
	Baltic nations' ghettos, 285
	concentration camps in Eastern Europe, 250
	deportations, 427
	deportations to Belzec, 308
	deportations to Lódz Ghetto, 275
	deportations to Warsaw Ghetto, 227
	displaced-persons camps, 645
	Eastern Europe under Germany, 342
	Einsatzgruppen massacres, 258
	Europe at height of Nazi power, 359
	Germany's concentration camps, 599
	Hungarian ghettos, 522
	Jews deportated to Auschwitz-Birkenau, 394
	"Jewish Executions Carried Out by Einsatzgruppe A," 286
	Jewish revolts, 471
	liberation of concentration camps, 545
	major Resistance groups, 493
	Nazi, of Hungary, 522
	Poland death camps, 311
	Polish ghettos, 582
	resistance in Western Europe, 496
	Romanian massacres, 265
	Soviet Union ghettos, 298
	Western Europe concentration camps, 371
Maquis unit, 492, 493
Marcinkance, Lithuania, 385
Mariampole, Lithuania, 245
Marian, Ferdinand, 202
Marie-Rose, posing as Catholic, 483
Marienbad, Czechoslovakia, 611
Marine Flasher, 643
Mariupol, Ukraine, 307, 483
Mark, Bernard, 551
Markish, Peretz, 551
Markuszów (Poland) Ghetto, 320, 322, 374-75
Marr, Wilhelm, 58, 27-28, 33, 41, 42, 48
Marranos, 24
Marriage
	loans, 66
	prohibition, 86
	rules, 95
Marseilles, France, 200, 420, 434, 439, 513
Marx, Dr. Hans, 632
Marx, Karl, 65
Marxism, 22, 505
Marzahn Gypsy camp, 452
Masonic lodge closings, 89
Masons, 518
	altar, 518
	lodge as museum, 535
Mass grave, 276, 299, 344. See also Ninth Fort
Mass murder, 575, 211, 213, 236
Massachusetts, 550, 557
"Massacre of a People," 484
Massacres
	Romanian, map, 265
	shooting, 211-12
Massada, 666
Master race, 36, 39
Masur, Norbert, 599, 609
Maternity homes, 95, 500, 278
Matisse, Henri, 427
Mauthausen (Austria) concentration camp, 527, 537, 591, 219, 462, 586, 593, 616-17, 673
	amputees, 617
	Auschwitz crematorium parts to, 574
	boys from Auschwitz, 589
	corpses, 460
	Dachau inmates move to, 572-73
	death march, 570, 617, 622
	electric-fence death, 377
	establishment of, 533
	gassings, 418
	Hungarian Jews to, 516
	intellectuals, 478
	labor camp, 239, 343
	liberation, 579-80, 620
	lice infestation at, 599
	Lidice children to, 333
	murders, 380
	political prisoners, 317
	Russian Camp construction by, 307
	SS guards, 558
	"staircase of death," 317
	stone quarries, 568, 583
	V-E Day celebration, 597
	victim after liberation, 623
	working conditions in, 317
Mayer, Franz, 522
Mayer, Helene, 98
Mayer, Saly, 517
Mayr, Karl, 35
Mazamet, France, uprising, 547
McCarran, Patrick, 596
McCloy, John J., 264, 507, 554, 572
McFadden, Louis T., 80
McMahon-Faisal agreement, 35
Measure of Our Days, The, 659
Mechelen (Belgium) transit camp, 356
Medical examination, Gypsy head, 537
Medical experimentation, 507, 225, 335, 336, 340, 384, 397, 422, 458, 653
	air pressure, 441
	Auschwitz-Birkenau women selected for, 317
	beginnings of, 513
	breast operations, 625
	calf removal, 510
	castration, 500
	children liberated from Auschwitz, 585
	Dachau, 62
	Gross-Rosen, Germany, concentration camp, 299
	Gypsy twins, 452
	homosexual, 508
	jaundice, 459
	lymph node removal, 573
	preserved brains, 687
	sexual abuse and, 484
	SS telegram, 447
Medical students, 75
Medical training, 422
Medicine, practice of, 503
Medieval Europe, 57, 22, 44
Meed, Vladka, 486
Meerhaegen, Jeannine van, 355, 508
Mehring, Walter, 200
Mein Kampf, 24, 25, 29, 32, 33, 34, 36, 38, 39, 42, 44, 93, 502, 515, 545, 597, 673
Mein Testament, 611
Meir Park, 576
Memel, Lithuania, 558, 559, 591
"Memorial to the Deportees," 685
"Memorial to the Victims in Camps," 659
Mende, Hildegarde, 376
Mendes, Aristides de Sousa, 594, 594
Mengele, Dr. Josef, 511, 513, 233, 368, 384, 433, 452, 458, 458, 467, 500, 537, 563, 620, 663, 666, 678, 668
	arrival at Auschwitz-Birkenau, 455
	children selected for gassing by, 561
	fugitive, 670
	gas-chamber selection, 566
	twins research, 515
Mennecke, Dr. Fritz, 269
Mentally disabled, 33, 70, 76, 551, 569, 581. See also Euthanasia program
Mercedes, 237
Mesopotamia, 44
Messiah, 58, 20, 46
Messina, New York, 46
Mesure de nos jours, 659
Metzger, Father Max Josef, 298, 519, 521
Mexico, 202
Meyer (Jonas Daniel) Square (Amsterdam Jewish Quarter), 218
Meyer, Dr. Alfred, 300
Michaelson, George, 355
Michaelson, Willy, 355
Michalowice, Poland, 457
Michel, Ernest, 553
Michelangelo, 318
Middle Ages, 21, 79, 519
Middle East, 504 365, 395, 526, 545, 547, 572
Miedzyrzec Podlaski (Poland) transit camp, 451
	deportation, 383
	murders, 357, 358
	murders at Treblinka, 356-57, 449
	resistance, 478
	slave-labor murders, 465
Mielec, Poland, 322, 552
Mielnica, Ukraine, 240
Mikhoels, Shlomo, 318, 551, 661
Mikolajczyk, Stanislaw, 466
Milan, Italy, 511, 607, 613
Milch, Erhard, 301, 653
Milice Française, 299, 493, 517, 530
Militarized Standby Troops, 83
Military buildup, 83
Military conscription, 90
Milosz, Czeslaw, 417-18
Minister of Agriculture, 508-9
Minister of Justice, 524, 300
Minister of Propaganda, 508, 533
Minister of the Interior, 56, 527, 300
Ministry of the Economy, 69
Minsk (Belorussia) Ghetto, 247, 250, 273, 275, 280, 298, 348, 407, 460, 544, 623
	Aktion in, 491, 493
	burial pits, 280, 281
	children smothered to death, 308
	deportations to Sobibór, 480
	executions in, 305, 306
	German Jews deported to, 279
	gold fillings and, 456
	intellectuals executed, 240
	Jews shot at, 433
	killings, 278, 281, 341, 422-23
	labor camp, 316
	liquidation of, 342, 479
	POW camp, 247, 290
	Red Army capture by, 538
	Resistance raid, 311
	Soviet Union, 581
	survivors of, 281
	Viennese Jews sent to, 326
	warning sign, 485
Minsk Mazowiecki, Poland, 504, 354, 414, 457
Mir, Belorussia, 348, 349
Mir Yeshiva students, 592
Mischlinge, 87, 94, 98, 300, 546
Miskolc, Hungary, 524, 529
Mitau, Latvia, 254
"Mit brennender Sorge," 512, 516
Mitchell, Curtis, 599
Mitteldeutsche Stahlwerke, 660
Mittelwerk GmbH, 575
Mitterand, François, 683
Mizoch, Ukraine, 381, 381
Mlawa, Poland, 312
Moabit Prison, 610
Mogilev, Belorussia, 257, 262
Moll, Otto, 339
Molotov, Viacheslav, 550, 563, 566, 566, 205, 494
Molotov cocktails, 405, 444, 446
Moltke, Helmuth James Graf von, 497, 583
Moltke v. Harden, 33
Mongoloid racial type, 89
Monowitz, Poland, 317
Monowitz-Buna, 342, 343, 507
Monsky, Henry, 475
Monte Cassino Abbey, 510, 524
Monte, Hilde, 583
Monte Rosa, 392
Moravia, 536, 550, 551, 556, 559, 331, 374, 564, 653
	deportation, annihilation, 575, 309
	deportees to Belzec, 308
	resettlement, 271
	Yellow Stars and, 261, 266
Mordowicz, Czeslaw, 527
Morgan, Sir Frederick, 629
Morgenstern, Serna, 270
Morgenthau, Henry, 426-27, 501, 502-3, 508, 518
Morocco, 203, 380, 391
Morrison, Herbert, 369
Moscicki, Ignacy, 509
Moscow, 566, 269, 280, 328
	Declaration, 495
	saved from occupation, 302
	Soviet Union counteroffensive, 285
	state of siege in, 274
	ultimatum to Lithuania from, 240
Moses, 58, 44, 60
Mosley, Sir Oswald, 88, 89
Mossad, 649, 657
Moszkowicz, Daniel, 472, 473
Moulin, Jean, 557
Mount of Olives, Palestine, 372
Mount Scopus, 657
Mount Sinai, 44, 60
Movement of German Christian Believers, 56, 481
Moyne, Lord Walter, 526, 529, 545, 572
Mozhaisk, Russia, 302
Mueller, Otto, 542
Mufti, 296
Mulhouse, France, liberated by Allied troops, 573
Müller, Heinrich, 523, 555, 581, 294, 300, 303, 395, 395, 612
Müller, Bishop Lüdwig, 64, 288
Münchener Neueste Nachrichten, 59, 26
Mundelein, Cardinal George, 545
Muni, Paul, 515-16, 434
Munich, Germany, 23, 32, 35, 284, 430, 627, 697
	attempt on Hitler's life in, 578
	agreement, 528
	art exhibits in, 513, 517
	Beer Hall Putsch, 23-24, 25, 25, 36, 41-42, 81
	Brown House, 62
	captured by Allies, 614
	Eternal Jew exhibition, 518, 519
	Gestapo headquarters, 581
	Himmler and, 553
	Hofbråuhaus, 38
	maternity homes, 500
	police, 395
	police president of, 505
	synagogue burning, 529
Munich Conference/Treaty, 536-37, 539, 556, 503, 697
Munich Post, 25-26, 27
Munkàcs, Hungary, 524, 527, 569
Munkaszolgàlat, 559, 324
"Murder," 567
Murrow, Edward R., 503, 603
Muslims, 44, 227, 228, 297, 365
Mussert, Anton, 396, 396, 613, 623, 647
Mussolini, Benito, 26, 39, 79, 81, 509, 509, 530, 588, 243, 312, 467, 481, 540, 607, 613
	Berlin-Rome Axis and, 507
	execution of, 612
	Munich Conference and, 536
Mustard gas, 34, 384
My Political Awakening, 37
Myslowice labor camp, 562
My Struggle, 24, 36, 42, 44
My Testament (Hitler's), 611
Myth of the Twentieth Century, The, 34

N

Naarden, Netherlands, 88
Nabeal, Tunisia, 391
Nachtigall battalion, 241
Nadich, Rabbi Judah, 630
Nahariya, Palestine, 637
Nakonieczmy, Jan, 461
Naliboki Forest, 404, 492, 517
Namerring, Germany, 612
Nancy, France, liberated by Allies, 559
Napoleon, 26
Napoleon III, 27
Napy, Ukraine, 437
Naroch Forest, 487
Narodowa Demokracja, 32
Narva (Estonia) slave-labor camp, 553
Nashashibi, Fahhri al-, 365
Nasjonal Samling, 305
Nathanya, Palestine, 658
Nationaal-Socialistische Beweging der Nederlanden, 49, 595, 396, 613
National City Bank, 666, 693
National Democratic Party, 32, 531
National Law of Citizenship, 93
National Legionary government, 201
National Liberation Movement, 547
National Military Organization, 629, 648, 649, 658
National Party, 667
National People's Rally (France), 218
National Political Educational Institutes, 63
National Radical Camp, 78, 79
National Representation of Jews in Germany, 85-87
National Self-Defense, 508
National Socialism, 59, 25, 34, 47, 49, 50, 51, 682
	abolished, 633
	ideals of, 574
	Jewish emigration and, 521-22
	mission of, 515
National Socialist Front, 689
National Socialist German Physicians' League, 46
National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP), 59, 27, 28, 36, 37, 38-39, 56, 66, 501. See also Nazi Party; Nazis
National Socialist League, 364
National Socialist Movement, 595, 396, 629
National Socialist Party, 75, 76, 93, 514, 627. See also Nazi Party; Nazis
	Masons and, 518
	paraphernalia, 67
	rally of 5937, 514
National Socialist Physicians' League, 514
National Socialist regime, 501
National Socialist Women's Organization, 525
National Socialist Workers Party, 35, 35
National Socialist Youth, 62, 83
National Socialistike Ungdom, 83
National Socialists Schoolboys League, 502
National Union for Social Justice, 44
National Unity, 305
National Worker, 57
National-Socilistische Vrouwen Organisatie, 525
Nationalists (Spanish), 35, 509
Nationalpolitische Erziehungsanstalten, 6
Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, 38
Naturalization papers, 237
Natzweiler (Germany) concentration camp, 229, 600
	camp personnel, 647
	subcamp, 592
Natzweiler-Struthof (France) camp, 386, 458, 461, 477, 566, 576
Naumann, Michael, 665, 667
Nazareth, 515
Nazi Party, 48, 71, 673
	antisemitic propaganda, 40, 202
	Austrian, 539
	cadet schools, 63
	Chancellery, 219, 300, 640
	Congress, Nuremberg, 83
	Congress of 5934, 88
	Day rally, 37
	dinner party and Kristallnacht, 544
	early opposition to, 25
	Foreign Section, 500
	Germany as one, 71
	Globocnik joins, 467
	Globke and, 277
	Goebbels in, 315
	infighting, 302
	Kube in, 273
	launch of, 43
	leader, 563
	made only legal German party, 67
	Mengele and, 511
	newspaper, 543
	Nuremberg rally, 47
	physicians in, 225
	Protestant reformer Martin Luther and, 42
	rally, 518
	rally of 5935, 85
	rise of, 36
	RuSHA and, 555
	slogan, 58
	structure, 49
	Stuckart in, 92
	supporters, 37
	Thierack in, 390
	Treaty of Versailles and, 49
	war reparations and, 20
Nazis, 36
	agent, 558
	American support for, 79
	antisemitism, 54, 513, 523, 519
	apartments occupied by Jews and, 313-14
	Argentina, 686
	attempt to seize Austria, 82, 83
	auxiliary police and, 246
	Blood Witness Day, 541
	business boycott and, 55
	communism and, 212
	concordat and, 516
	Czechoslovakia, 554
	elimination of Polish intellectuals by, 595
	emigration and, 509
	entering Czechoslovakia, 559
	euphemisms, 215
	Europe's borders under, 359
	execution reports, 263
	expansionist policies of, 90
	extermination industry of, 508
	forced access to Jewish apartments, 316
	Free French government and, 371
	fugitives in Americas, 670
	Gestapo under, 78
	hate sign, 84-85
	Himmler and, 505, 553
	Hitler's appointment and, 54
	homosexuality and, 508
	hunters, 673
	Jewish Councils and, 580
	Judaism as prototype of, 501
	kill squads, 440
	liberators from Russians, 245
	Lichtenberg, Father Bernhard and, 496
	Living Space drive of, 578
	Masonic lodge closings, 89
	mentally ill and, 70
	national laws of, 54
	Nobel Peace Prize and, 503
	Nuremberg, 517
	obliterating evidence of mass murders, 287
	Olympic Games, 97-98
	police state and, 505
	political standing of in 5933, 53
	Pope Pius XI criticism of, 512
	popular vote and, 28
	pressure of Austrian chancellor, 526
	propaganda, 22, 522, 390
	public television, 500
	race-based science of, 91, 501, 585-86
	recruitment by, 334
	Reichstag election 5933, 71
	Reichstag fire and, 59
	reprisals and, 533
	rhetoric, 22
	SA and, 80
	salute, 539, 544
	sexual relations and, 513
	shoot Jews in Warsaw prison, 327
	signs, 507
	Soviet Jews massacred by, 240
	Soviet Union invasion, 244
	Storm Troopers, 24, 26, 50, 260
	Sudetenland and, 579
	Ukraine and, 239, 268
	Vatican and, 511
	Warsaw Ghetto and, 217, 450
	women's role under, 553
Nazi Institute for the Study of the Jewish Question, 538
"Nazi martyrs," 627
Nazi Propaganda Ministry, 508-9
Nazi Security Service, 501
Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact, 578. See German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact
Nazi Students' Association, 498
Nea Hellas ship, 204
Nebe, Arthur, 581, 275, 275, 596
Nederlandsche SS, 203
Nederlandse Arbeids Dienst, 231
Nederlandse Unie, 599
Negev, 658
Nelson, Hans, 419
Nero Order, 597
Nero-Befehl, 597
Nesvizh, Belorussia, 278-79
Netherlands 396, 652, 680. See also Holland
	businesses registered with Nazis in, 206
	German forces surrender, 619
	invasion of, 586, 594
	Jews in, 25, 411, 470
	killing accomplices, 260
	occupation of, 595, 286, 506
	refuge Jews in, 88
	Seyss-Inquart as commissioner in, 595
	Sobibór death camp, 407
	Stein arrested in, 313, 344
Netherlands Union, 599
Netzer Sereni kibbutz, 626
Neudeck, East Prussia, 81
Neue Freie Presse, 48
Neuengamme (Germany) concentration camp, 541, 502, 573
	Auschwitz evacuation to, 554
	establishment of, 535
	forced labor at, 536
	German POWs in, 615
	Jews placed on ships, 618-19
	liberation, 614
	plaque to murdered Jewish children, 695
Neumann, Emanuel, 662
Neumann, Erich, 300
Neumann, Dr. Ernst, 558
Neumann, Hildegard, 419
Neumann, Trude, 437
Neurath, Konstantin Freiherr von, 56, 658
Neusalz (Poland) slave-labor camp, 598
	death march, 591
	liberation of, 594
	marchers put on train to Bergen-Belsen, 597
Neuschwanstein Castle, 616
Neustadt-Glowen, Germany, 618
Neutrality Act (U.S.), 200
Nevison, Howard, 677
New Denmark, 408
New Foundry, 24
Newspapers
	Action, The, 552
	Chicago Herald, 610
	Christian Science Church, 564-65
	Dearborn Independent, The, 525
	Der Gerade Weg, 26-27
	Der Ruf, 298
	Der Stürmer, 40, 79, 92, 562
	Future, The, 476
	Gypsies deportation article, 557
	Jewish Advertiser, The, 298
	Jewish Review, 85
	Kiev murders reported in, 279
	Liberation, The, 530
	Liberty Barricade, 325-26
	London Daily Telegraph, 332, 333
	London Sunday Times, 312
	London Times, The, 39, 363-64
	Munich Post, 59
	New York Times, The, 57, 297, 322, 333, 334, 428-29, 548
	North-China Daily News, 216
	opposing Hitler, 24-27
	Philadelphia Inquirer, The, 546
	St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 627
	Stars and Stripes, 650
	Sun, The, 95
	Völkischer Beobachter, 34, 39
	Volyn, 261
	Washington Evening Star, 627
	World Stage, The, 503
	World War II ends, 619
	Yugent-Shtime, 392
New Statesman, 413
New York, 513, 528, 547, 550, 557, 567
	Emergency Rescue Committee, 200
	Mecca Temple, 430
	newspapers, Kiev murders reported in, 279
	Quanza ship denied entry to, 203
	stock market crash, 22
New York City, 61, 644
	anti-Nazi rally, 517
	Biltmore Hotel Zionists meeting, 321
	bulletin on mass executions, 337
	Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany, 670
	Coughlin rally, 547
	Fry lecture poster, 388
	German-American Bund, 79, 80, 556-57
	German annexation of Czechoslovakia, 558
	Hitler protest, 560
	Kristallnacht demonstration, 546
	mayor of, 233
	Polo Grounds rally, 318
	Toller suicide, 564
New Zealand
	declaring war, 286
	refugees in, 595
Niccacci, Father Rufino, 486
Nice, France, 347, 513, 673
Nicholas II, 35
Niemöller, Pastor Martin, 92, 517-18, 519, 519, 367, 633, 691, 696-97
Niéswiez, Poland, 236, 238
Night, 57, 368, 505, 528, 627
Night and Fog, 670-71
Night and Fog Decree, 501, 283, 576, 650
"Night of Blood, The," 314
"Night of Broken Glass." See Kristallnacht
Night of the Long Knives, 74, 75, 80, 81
Ninth Fort, 236, 271, 278, 279, 279, 503, 559
Nisan, 655, 697
Nissenbaum, Rabbi Yitzhak, 338, 370
Nobel Peace Prize, 57, 45, 503, 529, 505, 627
Noguès, General, 415
Non-Aggression Pact, 550-51. See German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact
None of Us Will Return, 659
Nordhausen (Germany) concentration/slave-labor camp, 574, 575, 600, 619
	corpses at, 598
	grief among survivors, 598
	liberation of, 603
	slave laborers, 598
	underground weapons plant, 469
Nordhav SS Foundation, 300
Nordic legends, 76, 524, 288
Nordic society, 203
Nördlichen Münchner Strasse, 607
Norfolk, Virginia, 202
Norges SS, 229
Normandy invasion, 492, 506, 510, 530, 532, 535, 537, 559, 589
North Africa, 203, 219, 224, 233, 397, 415-16, 448, 513
	Allied invasion of, 334
	French, 398
	ship to Palestine, 520
North America, 216
	Hitler's globe and, 225
North American Indians, 39
North-China Daily News, 216
Northwestern University, 677, 689
Norway, 301
	Allied nation, 399
	antisemitism, 305
	collaborationists, 307
	condemnation of Nazism, 313
	defeat of, 217
	deportation to Auschwitz, 374
	German occupation of, 629
	German troops surrender, 620
	identity cards in, 325
	invasion of, 586, 592
	Jewish property in, 374
	Jews arrested in, 380-81
	Jews deported, 385, 470
	Jews enter, 27
	Jews' fate in, 392
	Jews restricted in, 204
	Jews sent to Auschwitz, 391
	Protestant bishops protest, 389
Norwegian Fascist Party, 65
Norwegian SS, 229
Nothomb, Pierre, 37
Noua Sulita, Romania, 246
Nováky (Slovakia) labor camp, 271, 553-54, 564
Novi Sad, Yugoslavia, 223, 302, 303-4
Novo Moskovsk, Ukraine, 420
Novo Selista, Ukraine, 242
Novogrudok (Belorussia) labor camp, 241, 244, 422
	escape, 374, 482
	Jews killed, 286
	killings, 451
	resistance during murders, 283
	standing in frigid temperatures, 285
Nowogrodzka, Judith, 455
Nowy Sacz, Poland, 355
Nowy Targ, Poland, 645, 647
NS Teachers' League, 49
Nuit et Brouillard, 670-71
Nuremberg, Germany, 40, 79, 517, 306, 651
	antisemitism, 552
	Code, 659-60
	detainees, 633
	French forces enter, 608
	German troop parade, 518
	graves desecrated in, 40
	Nazi Party Congress, 83, 88
	Nazi Party rally, 47, 70, 71, 72, 73, 75, 78, 85, 513, 514
	Opera House, 643
	SS leaders, 657-58
	synagogue destroyed in, 533
Nuremberg Laws, 86-87, 512, 527, 554, 224, 288, 365, 387
	author of, 93
	cases under, 92
	co-author of, 300
	degrees of Jewishness, 94, 95
	French laws and, 597
	Holland and, 296
	international reaction to, 95
	Jewish Statute and, 204, 205
	Luxembourg introduction of, 202
Nuremberg Trials, 34, 547, 552, 559, 566, 301, 418, 443, 497, 514, 557, 572, 580, 601, 613, 629, 632, 634, 640, 649, 650, 651, 663
	death sentences, 641
	defendants, 635
	diplomats, government officials trials, 660
	doctors' trial, 659
	Economy and Administration Main Office, 656
	Einsatzgruppen officers, 657-58
	German High Command, 660
	industrialists, 656-57
	Krupp, 659
	Nazi judges, 656
Nuremberg Tribunal, 537, 643, 650, 651, 653, 663
	defendants, 651
	prosecutors, 650
	testimony, 274
	Wehrmacht officers tried at, 657
Nurse training camp, 514
Nurses, 303
Nursing home deportation, 462
Nusbaum, Heniek, 393
Nusbaum, Mundek, 393
Nutrition, 604
	bread rations, 218
	calories allowed per day, 216
	staples of, 215
Nye Denmark, 408
Nye, U.S. Senator Gerald, 253, 258
Nyilas group, 565-66, 584-85
Nyilaskeresztes Part-Hungarista Mozgalom, 515

O

Obóz Narodowa-Radykalny, 78, 79, 81
Obóz Zjednoczenia Narodowego, 509
Occupied Eastern Territories, 239, 247, 276
Occupied France. See Vichy regime
Occupied Poland. See Generalgouvernement
Oder River, 589
Odessa, 620, 665
Odessa, Ukraine
	"cleansed of Jews," 361
	deportation of Jews from, 283, 299
	hangings in, 274-75
	murders, 269, 275, 281, 290
	occupation of, 273
	Red Army captures, 521
	registration in, 277
	Romanian headquarters explosion, 274
	siege of, 216
Office for Jewish Affairs, 398
Office of Agricultural Policy, 499
Office of Jewish Emigration, 529
Office of Special Investigations (U.S.), 678, 685
Office of Special Investigations (U.S.) Watch List, 669
Ohlendorf, Otto, 262, 262, 641, 667
Ohrdruf (Germany) concentration camp, 590
	American High Command visits, 604
	liberation of, 545, 579, 591, 591, 600, 602
Ohri, Czechoslovakia, 539
Olbricht, Friedrich, 542
Olesko, Ukraine, 358
Olkiniki, Poland, 476
Olympia, 99
Olympic Games (1936), 96-97, 98, 99, 506, 507
Omakaitse, 260
On the Jews and Their Lies, 25, 89
Oneg Shabbat, 495, 665, 673
Opava, Sudetenland, 543
Operation Argument, 512-13
Operation Barbarossa, 587, 235, 238, 239, 240, 272, 461
Operation Frantic, 529
Operation Reinhard, 352, 363, 379, 387, 517
Operation T-4. See Euthanasia program
Operation Tannenberg, 569
Operation Thunderstorm, 551
Operation Tiger, 420
"Operation White," 550
"Operational Situation Report USSR No. 501," 211
"Operational Situational Report USSR No. 532," 272
Opoczno, Poland, 381, 413
Oppenheimer, Lore, 555
Oppyke, Irene Gut, 486
Oradea, Romania, 44-45
Oradour-sur-Glane, France, 532, 533
Oranienburg (Germany) concentration camp, 507
	establishment, 56
	liberation, 619
	roll call in, 58
Ordedienst, 455
Order of Our Lady of Mount Carmel, 680-81
Order Police, 505, 301
"Order Requiring the Declaration of Jewish Property," 67
Order Service, 383
Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 501 and the Final Solution in Poland, 334, 671-672
Ordnungsdienst, 383
Ordnungspolizei, 334
Organisation Consul, 40
Organization for Rehabilitation through Training, 581, 631
Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists, 266
Organisation Technique, 576
Organisation Todt, 336
Origins of the Second World War, The, 673
Origins of Totalitarianism, The, 672
Orsenigo, Cesare, 359
Orthodox Church, 214
Orthodox Jews, 65, 567, 573, 330, 370, 376, 382
Osborne, Francis d'Arcy, 330, 375, 401
Oslo, Norway, 217, 361, 392, 633
Osnabrück, 63
Ossietzky, Carl von, 503, 528-29
Ost-Maschinenbau Gesellschaft, 562
Ostara, 33
Ostarbeiter, 418
Ostindustrie GmbH, 436
Ostrow Mazowiecka, Poland, 578, 583
Ostrowiec-Swietokrzyski, Poland, 378
Ostryna, Belorussia, 386
Oswiecim, 586, 588, 412, 686. See also Auschwitz concentration camp
Oszmiana, Lithuania, 381
Otter, Göran von, 343
Ottoman Empire, 25
Ouvres de Secours aux Enfants, 432
Overeating deaths, 613-14, 623
Owens, Jesse, 99, 99
Oxenius, Wilhelm, 617
Ozorków, Poland, 354

P

Pabianice, Poland, 324, 329
Pacelli, Eugenio Cardinal, 511, 512. See also Pope Pius XII
Pacifici, Riccardo, 495
Paderborn, Germany, 333, 433
Palace of Justice, 651
Palatinate region (Germany), 204
Palatucci, Giovanni, 555-56
Pale of Settlement, 26
Palestine, 59, 58, 68, 69, 95, 508, 515, 546, 224, 253, 365, 422, 530, 571, 628, 628, 642
	Arab nationalists and, 297
	Arab-Jewish riots in May 5921, 656-57
	Britain and, 429, 435
	British control of, 35-36, 297
	British military training, 545
	British White Paper on immigration to, 550, 563, 595, 598, 547
	Buchenwald survivors, 595
	celebration in, 619
	Churchill and, 545
	displaced persons and, 630
	Eichmann in, 529
	farmers, 356
	fleeing to, 304
	illegal immigration to, 30, 40, 46, 47, 68, 69, 71, 504-105, 531, 534, 553, 565, 578, 582, 595-96 209, 216, 372, 411, 413, 498, 514, 580, 631, 637, 637, 646, 650, 656, 657, 662-63
	Jewish batteries, infantry in, 459
	Jewish children and, 450-51, 566
	Jewish community, 375
	Jewish homeland in, 388
	Jewish soldiers captured from, 309
	Jewish state in, 417, 475, 513
	Jewish underground in, 658. See also Hagana
	Jews emigrating from, 316
	Jews of, 666
	mandate, 88
	North Africa ship passengers to, 520
	Ottoman Empire and, 25
	paratroopers from, 485
	partitioning, 660, 662-63
	Polish Jews to, 649
	Regiment, 365, 576
	riot, 70
	sovereignty, 321
	stalemate in, 555-56
	Stanley, Oliver and, 413
	underground militia, 38
	visas refused to, 304
	war and, 569-70
	White Paper protest, 560
Palestinian paratroopers, 529, 531
Palmah, 628
Palmiry Woods, Poland, 589, 590, 238
Palmnicken, Germany, 591-92
Paluch, Adam, 331-32, 685
Paluch, Ida, 331-32, 685
Panama, 306
Pancero, Serbia, 457
Pápa, Hungary, 539
Papal Concert to Commemorate the Holocaust, 676, 677-78
Papen, Franz von, 50, 56, 57, 58, 511, 640, 651
Papo, Dr. Rosa, 242
Papon, Maurice, 693
Paraguay, 670
Parczew Forest, 322, 395, 397, 402, 440, 525, 543, 643
Paris, 22, 522-23, 544
	deportation to Auschwitz, 465, 477, 487
	deportations to Drancy, 257
	embassy, 540
	German forces surrender in Paris, 552
	Jews deported to Kovno, Lithuania, 526
	liberated by Allies, 507, 555
	occupation, 586, 597
	orphans, seized, 544
	partisan time bomb, 390, 391
	priests arrested, 357
	rally, 523
	resistance, 318
	uprising, 496, 551
Partisan, 577, 241, 242, 258, 272, 295, 338, 464, 503, 525. See also Resistance
	activity, telegraph-pole destruction, 486
	attacks, 476
	Belorussian, 401
	Bielski group, 404
	coffeehouse attack, 401-2
	Communist, 607
	Derechin attack, 349
	destroying train engines, bridges, 490-91
	Dzialoszyce, 359
	Eastern Galicia region, 305
	escape from Bialystok, 455
	escape from Kovno, 500
	executions, 250
	German soldiers killed by, 540
	Ilja Jews join, 309
	Jewish-Soviet, 537
	Kailis, 371
	killing of Heydrich by, 331
	Kleck, 334
	Kube assassination, 273
	land mine against German train, 335, 336
	life, 502
	mass executions and, 309
	military train destruction, 517
	Polish Army POWs, 381-82
	Polish women, 605
	Rovno, 474
	Slovakia, 553-54
	Soviet Union, 251, 321, 425
	Stalin and, 244
	Trzcinski, 345
	Ukraine, 485
	United Partisan Organization, 371
	Yugoslavia, 283, 597
Pasewalk military hospital, 34, 35
Passover, 43, 46, 591, 405, 444, 446, 521, 568, 570, 572
Passover Miracle, A, 34
Passover Seder, 74, 596, 644
Passport, 537, 555, 242
Pastors' Emergency League, 519
Patria (ship), 207, 208
Patton, George, 579, 582, 590, 591, 603-4
Paul, 46
Paul, Randolph, 427, 501, 509-10
Paul Reveres, The, 51
Paulus, Friedrich von, 246, 421
Pauvlavicius, Jan, 541, 548
Pavelic, Ante, 224, 228, 232, 361, 671
Pawiak prison, 541
"Paying for Auschwitz," 691
Peace Alliance of German Catholics, 521
Peake, Osbert, 442
Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, 212-13, 217, 285, 289, 294, 399, 494
Pechersky, Aleksandr, 488-89
Peenemünde, Germany, 680
Pehle, John W., 501, 509, 572
Peiper, Joachim, 636
Pelley, William Dudley, 89, 289
Pentateuch, 59
People's Court, 79, 300, 390, 429, 521, 541, 542, 564, 593
People's Observer, 39
People's Radio Receiver, 56
Perel, Shlomo, 427
Pereshike, Belorussia, 285
Perez, Victor, 99
Perjell, Josef, 427
Perkonkrusts, 234
Perl, Gisella, 555
Peron, Eva, 686
Peron, Juan, 686
Persia, 58, 44
Peshev, Dimitur, 435
Pest, Hungary, 586
Pesticide, 212. See also Zyklon B
Petacci, Clara, 607, 613
Pétain, Philippe, 586, 597, 201, 204, 220, 223, 284, 398, 628, 668
Petersson and Bendel, 57
Petliura Days, 255
Petliura, Simon, 44, 248, 255
Petrovgrad, Yugoslavia, 267
Petschauer, Attila, 99
Pharisees, 59-20
Phenol injection, 214
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 562
Philadelphia Inquirer, The, 546
Philharmonic Orchestra of Kraków, 677
Philip IV of France, 23
Philip V of France, 56, 57
Philippines, 285
Philips Company, 540
Phosgene-gas poisoning, 384
Physically disabled, 551, 569. See also Euthanasia programs
Physicians executed, 439
Piaski, Poland, 332, 437
Piasnica (Poland) internment camp, 573-74, 575
Piatydni, Ukraine, gravel-pit executions, 359
Piazzale Loreto, 607
Picasso, Pablo, 383, 514
Pietkiewicz, Rosalia, 346
Pietromarchi, Luca, 228
Pilecki, Witold, 201
"Pilgrimage to the Kingdom of Night," 57
Pilica, Poland, 325, 328, 347
"Pillar" punishment, 501
Pilsudski, Jósef, 78, 81, 91, 528
Pinczów, Poland, 375
Pinsk (Poland) Ghetto, 254, 316, 381, 383, 502
Piorkowski, Alex Bernard Hans, 609
Piotrków (Poland) Ghetto, 582, 209
	cemetery shooting, 438-39
	death march, 570
	Jewish underground executions, 263
Piotrków Trybunalski, Poland, 572, 575, 581
	Aktion at, 378
	deported to Treblinka, 382
	synagogue shooting, 391
Piperno, Virginia, 491
Piraeus, Greece, 546
Pisa, Italy, 548
Pithiviers (France) prison camp, 230
Pitroków Kujawski, Poland, 326
Pittsburgh Platform of 5885, 514
Plansk, Poland, 576
Plaszów (Poland) concentration/forced-labor camp, 231, 327, 376, 393, 428, 438, 447, 465, 494, 500
	deportations, 303, 555, 566
	hangings, 338
	liberation of, 585
	SS evacuates, 585
	Tarnów Jews sent to, 477
Pleikershof, Germany, 627
Pletcher, J. D., 597
Ploetz, Alfred, 31
Plónsk (Poland) Ghetto, 387, 394
Plotnicka, Frumka, 469
Plötzensee Prison, 497, 583, 585
Plovidiv, Bulgaria, 214
Plunge, Lithuania, 241
Pochep, Soviet Union, 309
Podborodz (Ukraine) Ghetto, 270
Poetry, 57, 336, 449, 515
Pogrom, 25, 30, 32, 37-38, 48, 523, 527, 528, 541-42, 648-49
	Polish, 502, 504, 662
	Romania, Soviet Union, 216
	Russian, 29
Pogulanka Forest, 256
Pogulanka, Latvia, 281
Pohl, Oswald, 305, 373, 373, 646, 659-60, 667
Poincaré, Raymond, 20
Poison gas, 225, 230, 275-76
"Poison Kitchen," 26
Poisonous Mushroom, The, 64
Poland, 39, 45, 81, 534, 301, 516, 581, 688
	agreement with Germany, 564
	Allied nation, 399
	antisemitism, 36, 40, 41, 78, 81, 91, 504, 508, 509, 513, 518, 330, 330, 515, 645, 646, 675
	Army, 566, 567, 381-82
	Auschwitz and, 678-79
	Auschwitz-Birkenau tree planting, 679
	beginning of World War II and, 568-69
	British broadcast about Jews' plight in, 332
	calvary practice, 559
	children in, 390, 538
	circumcision check, 277
	civil war in, 577
	Danzig buildings, 572
	death camps in, 507, 575, 595, 267, 284, 294, 388
	death toll in, 328
	digging own graves in, 571
	emigration from 595
	executions in, 570, 269
	exit visas canceled, 206
	extermination of Jews news, 397
	"Final Solution" in, 549
	forced emigration in, 423
	forced march, 589-90
	Frank, Hans in, 574
	genocide in, 214
	German-expelled Jews and, 539
	German invasion of, 566
	German laws in, 273
	German women and RuSHA, 555
	Germany nonaggression pact, 78
	ghettos in, 576-77
	government-in-exile, 574, 318, 399
	Great Britain and France support of, 560
	Gypsies deported to, 557
	hiding Jews, 486
	Hitler advocating liquidation of citizens, 566
	Hitler and Operation White, 550
	intellectuals eliminated by Nazis in, 595
	invasion of, 578
	Jew beard trimming in, 550
	Jewish deportation consideration, 515
	Jewish emigration and, 522-23
	Jewish-owned businesses in, 506
	Jewish population in, 551, 616
	Jewry, 58, 359, 470
	Jews executed from, 251, 319, 322, 566
	Jews fleeing to, 556
	Jews gassed at Auschwitz, 413
	Jews strike to protest antisemitism, 505
	Jews surrender, 389
	kidnapping children, 278
	killings, 667
	Labor Front established, 514
	Madagascar Plan and, 538
	military train bound for, 567
	National Democratic Party in, 32
	new constitution of, 89
	occupation of, 577-78, 579, 592. See also Generalgouvernement
	officers murdered by Soviets, 442, 445
	Orthodox Jews in, 567
	Parliament, 476, 691
	partitioning of, 551, 578, 205
	partnership march, 645
	passport revocation by, 537-38
	pogroms, 58, 25, 30, 37-38, 88, 502, 503, 662
	policy on Jews, 95
	Pope Pius XII's silence and, 411
	POWs, 377
	priests, nuns, 412
	refugees, 569
	refusing reentry of Jews, 544
	Resistance in, 423, 466, 486-87
	revoking citizenship by, 526
	riots in, 527
	slave labor in, 615
	Soviet Union's invasion of, 571, 566
	SS troop humiliations in, 572
	Star of David, 580
	troops, 573, 441, 524, 567
	underground, 444, 447, 449, 548-49, 556
	women executed, 238
Polanka Hill, 353
Polish Americans, 558
Polish Army, 441
Polish Catholic Church, 88, 500, 501-102, 432
Polish Home Army, 567
Polish Second Corps, 253
Polish Socialist Party, 325-26
Polish Socialist resistance, 423
Political demonstration ban, 58
Political dissidents, 409, 685
Pollak, Karl, 557
Polygal 50, 384
Polygon Woods, 267
Pomerania, Germany, 591
Pompey, 59
Ponary Forest, 252, 480
Ponary, Lithuania, 258, 260, 270
	burial pits, 519
	execution in, 246, 254, 263, 538
	exhumation of corpses at, 483, 522
	gravel pits, 467
	shootings at, 441
	slave laborers shot in, 523
Ponas, Ukraine, 250
Poniatowa (Poland) labor camp
	Jews shot at, 479
	liquidation of, 407
	resistance burned in barrack, 496
Pontius Pilate, 59, 45
Pope John XXIII, 542
Pope John Paul II, 676-77, 677-78, 680, 695
Pope Pius XI, 68, 70, 511, 512, 513, 516, 556, 313, 697
Pope Pius XII, 512, 535, 559, 592, 261, 330, 331, 375, 377, 401, 403, 408, 411, 417, 441, 482-83, 490, 508, 535, 661, 683-84, 697
Population
	Jewish in Europe, 5933, 69
	Jewish in Germany, 5933, 54
Porrajmos, 77
Portugal, 45, 594, 204, 400
Portuguese refugee ship, 202-3
Postage stamps, 410
Postcards, 398
	faked, 545
Poster
	French, 233
	Heydrich assassination, 332
	Jewish Brigade recruitment, 509
	"Jewish Plot, The," 388
	Mengele wanted, 668
	planting trees, 695
	Polish Jews' fate, 359
	"Pro-America Rally," 556
	U.S. Office of War, 332
	Vilna performance, 357
Potsdam, 61
Pound, Ezra, 321, 446
Pour le Mérite, 577
Pour le Sémite, 577
Poznan (Poland), 21, 287, 649
	deported to Lódz Ghetto, 432
	labor camp, 394
	report, 329
Prague, Czechoslovakia, 291, 331, 336, 476, 495, 653
	Czech Resistance in, 624
	deportation notices, 624
	deportations, 329
	forced labor from, 282
	fugitive Jews on riverboat from, 583
	Heydrich assassination, 323, 327
	Jewish possessions, 463, 524
	Jewish religious newspaper, 298
	Jews deported to Lódz Ghetto, 275
	Jews heading Polish ghetto, 579
	occupation of, 556, 556, 559
	Pinkas synagogue wall, 683
	revolt in, 618, 619
Prater amusement park, 527
Prato, Dr. David, 625
Prauss, Artur, 356
Prayer, fasting day, 394
"Presidential Decree for the Protection of People and State," 28
Preysing, Cardinal Konrad Graf von, 416, 417
Priebke, Erik, 519, 669
Prinzregentenstrasse synagogue, 504
Pripet Marshes, Ukraine, 357, 425, 519
Probst, Christopher, 429
Program for the Rescue of Jews from Nazi Occupied Europe, 443
"Progress of 'Modern Art,' The," 508
"Project Paperclip," 682
Propaganda, 71, 260, 315, 316
	filmstrip, 93
	Holland group, 208
	Ministry, 542, 315
	photos, 218, 219
	television, 500
Property seizure. See Aryanization; Assets seizure; Kristallnacht
Protection Squad, 74, 83. See Schutzstaffel
"Protective custody," 215
Protective documents, 573-74
Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, 564, 582. See also Bohemia; Moravia
Protestant Church, 49, 59, 64, 525, 312, 497-98
	anti-Nazi letters, 297
	Christian culture and, 501
	Christian Front and, 532
	founder of, 25
	France, 510
	journal, 397
	Nazis and, 288
	protest in Norway, 389
	rescuers, 432
	theologians, 64
Protests, 390, 433, 434
Protocols of the Elders of Zion, 27, 32, 37, 39, 46, 48, 91, 525, 677
Proust, Marcel, 65
Prüfer, Kurt, 462
Prussia, 22, 28, 69
	Edict of Emancipation, 26
	Gestapo in, 78, 505
	Greater East, 573
	military, 66
	Poland and, 330
	police, 76
	university students, 45
	West, 573
"Prussian blue," 25
Prussian Ministry of the Interior, 374
Prussic acid, 342
Pruszcz, Poland, 598
Pruszków, Poland, 216
Prützmann, Hans-Adolf, 617
Pruzhany, Belorussia, 421
Przemyslany, Ukraine, 455
Przymysl (Poland) Ghetto, 344
	deportation to Auschwitz, 477
	deportation to Belzec, 345
	Jews executed at, 479
	occupation of, 570
	sealed, 337
	SS men at, 554-55
Przytyk, Poland, 503
Public transportation ban, 315
Puls, A. company, 413
Pultusk, Poland, 535, 573
Purim, 438-39
Purple triangle patch, 571
Putsch, Germany 5939, 577
Putter, Janine, 430
Pyrénées Mountains, 204, 484, 576
Pyrénées-Orientales, France, 320

Q

Quaker welfare organization, 546
Quanza (refugee ship), 202-3, 203
Queen Elizabeth (Belgium), 377-78
Queen Mary, 557
Queens, New York, rally, 79
Questionnaire, The, 666
Quisling, Vidkun, 65, 217, 305, 305, 313, 389, 392, 625, 629, 634

R

Rab battalion, 492
Rabin, Yitzhak, 669
Rab Island, 456, 475-76, 513
Rabka, Poland, 358
Race and Settlement Central Office (RuSHA), 48, 555, 495, 499
Racial issues, 76, 91
	antisemitism. See Antisemitism
	background, instruments, 94
	biology, 524
	characteristics, 86, 233, 238, 285
	defilement, 93
	defining, 94
	filmstrip, 507
	hygiene, 31
	laws, 86-87
	magazines, 500
	policy, 278
	purity, 514
	race-based science, 67, 83, 89, 501, 237, 384
	research, 77
	tracts, 538
Race Lore of the German Volk, 39
Racial Policy Office of the National Socialist German Workers Party, 79-80
Racine, Mila, 606
Raczkiewicz, Wladyslaw, 411, 466
Rada Pomocy Zydom, 395
Radio, 533, 364, 424
	code, cracking, 258, 259
	coding, 263
	distribution, 542
	Hitler's address, 51
	ownership, 261
	Resistance and, 223
	surrender of, 571, 572
Radio Stockholm, 613
Radnóti, Miklós, 571
Radom (Poland), Ghetto, 226, 227, 227, 295, 310, 469
	deportation to Treblinka, 346-47, 414
	killings, 346
	occupation of, 570
	physicians executed in, 439
Radomire, Bulgaria, 435
Radoszkowice, Belorussia, 434
Radova, Emma, 413
Radun, Belorussia, 348
Radziwillow, Ukraine, 323, 374
Raeder, Erich, 651, 658
Railroad
	building, 229
	freight car shipment of Jews in, 591
	sabotage, 338
Rákoscsaba, Hungary, 542
Rakow Forest, 401
Rakowski, 450
Rangell, Johann Wilhelm, 281
Ransoms, 204
Rape, 591
Raphael, 318
Rascher, Dr. Sigmund, 384
Rasse- und Siedlungshauptamt (RuSHA), 48, 555
Rassemblement National Populaire, 218
Rassenpolitisches Amt der NSDAP, 79-80
Rassenschande, 93
Rastenburg, Germany, 543
Rath, Ernst vom, 523, 540, 542, 544
Rathbone, Eleanor, 453-54
Rathenau, Walther, 39-40
Ration, 297, 321
	card, 555, 567, 204
	coupons, 257
Rattenhuber, Hans, 611
Ratti, Achille, 511. See also Pope Pius XI
Raubal, Geli, 25, 28
Raubal, Leo, 246
Rauca, SS officer, 278
Ravensbrück (Germany) concentration camp, 560, 563, 224, 333, 562, 583, 659, 665
	children survivors, 607
	death march, 606
	deaths at, 616
	evacuated, 609
	freedom, 618
	inmates released to Sweden, 612
	Koegel at, 397
	medical experiments, 384, 510
	murders at, 599
	sexual abuse and, 484
	Soviets liberate, 614, 616
	supervisors training at, 376
	witness, 612
	women, 567, 606
	women freed from, 590, 592, 609
Reagan, Ronald, 627, 681
Reams, G. Robert Borden, 395-96, 448
Rearmament, 78
Rebslagergade, Sweden, 489
Reckse, Dr., 479
Red Army (Soviet Union), 223, 240, 302, 309, 425, 494, 568, 582, 643, 646
	56th Division of, 431
	58th Guards Division, 580
	advancing westward, 550
	assault on Berlin, 608, 611
	Baltic, Belorussian fronts, 533-34
	Baltic offensive, 533-34
	Bialystok Ghetto, 517
	captures Brno, Czechoslovakia, 611
	captures Kharkov, Ukraine, 473
	captures Odessa, Ukraine, 521
	Chelm, Poland, occupation, 543
	Dnepropetrovsk liberation by, 492
	Eastern Europe advance by, 448
	enters Hungary, 563
	File -19/9, 462
	German attack on, 333
	German soldiers killed by, 540
	headquarters, 421
	Hitler's predictions about, 309
	liberates Auschwitz, 584
	liberates Brest-Litovsk, 546
	liberates Gross-Rosen, 624
	liberates Klooga, 563
	liberates Kovno, 548
	liberates Lvov, 537
	liberates Kiev, 497
	liberates Majdanek, 544
	liberates Neusalz, 594
	liberates Oranienburg, 619
	liberates Plaszów, 585
	liberates Sachsenhausen, 611
	liberates Siauliai, 545
	liberates Stutthof, 618
	Maly Trostinets, Belorussia, 536, 538-39
	Minsk, Ukraine capture by, 538
	moving into East Prussia, 589
	Pawiak prison and, 541
	POWs, 269, 487, 495
	Pruszcz, Poland, camp, 598
	Sevastopol, Ukraine captured by, 525
	Smolensk, Russia capture by, 481
	Sokolov offensive, 435
	takes Danzig, 599
	women in, 515
Red Cross, 325, 345, 347, 394, 470, 515, 534-35, 536, 539, 619, 633, 659
	apology, 685
	International, 282
	SS works with, 612
	Swedish, 489, 592
	vans, as gassing units, 279
Redwitz, Michael, 622
Reform Judaism, 26
Refugees, 557
	in Jerusalem, 595
	in New Zealand, 595
	stranded, 204
	United States and, 494
Regensburg (Germany) camp, 605
Regat, Romania, 361
Régis, Max, 203
Rehmsdorf, Germany, death marchers, 611
Reich Anatomical Institute at Strasbourg, 46, 492
Reich Central Bureau for Jewish Emigration, 533
Reich Chamber of Culture, 69
Reich Church, 64, 78, 288
Reich Citizenship Certificate, 86
Reich Citizenship Law, 86, 87, 93
Reich Flag Law, 86, 93, 94
Reich Health Leader, 514
Reich Labor Service, 580, 268
Reich Ministry of the Interior, 566
Reich Party Day march, 71
Reich Propaganda Office, 93
Reich Representation of German Jews, 85, 408
Reich Security Main Office, 571, 220, 223, 261, 300, 310, 418, 421, 454, 470
Reich Youth leader, 502
Reichenau, Walter von, 271, 302
Reichsbahn, 415
Reichsbank, 47, 545, 547, 553, 203, 616
Reichskomissariat Ostland, 342
Reichskommissar, 286
Reichsleiter, 49
Reichsmark fine, 519, 544, 546
Reichssicherheitshauptamt, 571, 421
Reichstag, 28, 50, 51, 75, 80, 85, 87, 93, 549-50, 273, 481
	argument in, 22
	building fire, 59, 59, 61, 503, 314-15
	building opening, 61, 61
	Daluege in, 374
	election, 5933, 60, 71, 503-104
	giving Hitler full power, 315
	Hitler address of, 98, 554, 555, 211
	Hitler offering peace to England, France, 574-75
	Nazis in, 42, 46
Reichsvertretung der Deutschen Juden, 69, 85
Reichsvertretung der Juden in Deutschland, 85, 86-87
Reichswehr, 88
Reichszentralstelle für Jüdische Auswanderung, 533
Reik, Haviva, 529, 573
Reims, France, schoolhouse, 614
Reinhardt Plan, 66
Reiss, Rafael, 573
Rejowiec (Poland) Ghetto, 314
Relief and Rescue Committee, 530, 551
Religious organization, semiofficial, 56
Remagen, Germany, 597
Remarque, Erich Maria, 65
Rembertów (Poland) Ghetto, 352
Rembrandt, 318
Remilitarization, 503
"Report to the Secretary on the Acquiescence of This Government in the Murder of the Jews," 508, 509-10
Republicans (Spanish), 509
Rescue Committee of the Jewish Agency, 529
Rescue, Denmark to Sweden, 488, 489
Rescuers, 432
Research into the Jewish Question, 500
Reserve Police Battalion 501, 671
Resettlement, 581, 213, 238, 295, 341, 408
	action, 573. See also Ghettos
	Bohemia, 271
	bundles, 357
	Bureau, 538
	Kiev Jews, 268, 270
	Moravia, 271
	prison and, 299
	Slovak, 271
"Resettlement Special Train," 415
Resistance, 202, 213, 217, 492, 533, 573, 612
	Algerian-Jewish, 380, 389
	Avenger battalion, 480
	Bialystok, 423-24, 472
	Bielski, Tuvia, 374
	Brest-Litovsk, 378
	Canaris executed for, 582
	Czech, 220, 310
	Czestochowa liquidation and, 369
	Diatlovo, 316
	Dubossary activities, 262
	Dutch radio, 267
	Fingerwajg execution, 511
	Free French Insurgency, 252
	French, 227, 229, 372, 378, 384
	German, 497. See also specific groups
	German ghetto raid and, 306
	Germans search Minsk Ghetto for, 311
	groups, 209
	groups in Western Europe, 496
	Italian, 517-18, 519
	Jaworow, 443-44
	Jewish, 291
	Jewish Combat Organization, 297
	Kovno, 295
	Lutzk, 325
	major groups, 493
	Milice and, 530
	Nuremberg Tribunal testimony, 274
	organization, 393
	photographing death camps, 553
	Pisczów, 375
	Polish, 523
	publication of, 214
	radio in Zagreb, 223
	Radziwillow, 323
	Serbian movement, 262
	Siemiatycze, 386
	Skalat, 442
	Slonim, 333
	Solf, Frau, released, 609-10
	Soviet Union, 251
	Stolin, 365
	train derailment, 440-41
	trial of French, 314
	Unified Partisan Organization, 303
	Warsaw Ghetto, 383, 449, 450
	Wlodawa, 325
Resnais, Alain, 670-71
Reszko, Sister Marejanna, 413
Rethymnon, Crete, 527
Reuter, Fritz, 40
Revel (Estonia) slave-labor camp, 525, 541, 553
Revenge partisan group, 433
Revisionist writers, 681, 689
Revolts, map of, 471
Rexist movement, 416
Reynolds, Robert, 557-58
Rheims, France, 579, 623
Rheinmetall, 562
Rhineland, 503, 315
Rhine River, 503, 570, 588, 597
Rhine-Ruhr occupation, 20-21
Rhodes, 563, 565, 566, 518, 543, 544-45, 546, 551, 552
Ribbentrop, Joachim von, 522, 525, 550, 566, 566, 205, 490, 617 635, 651
	arrest of, 627
	deportation acceleration by, 370
	execution of, 652
	French surrender and, 597
	Italian resistance and, 340
	Luther, Martin and, 302
Richardt, Wilhelm Theodor, 580
Riefenstahl, Leni, 73, 78, 88, 99
Riegner, Dr. Gerhart, 293, 342, 357, 390, 443
Riegner Plan/Riegner Cable, 293, 350, 448, 466
Riga (Latvia) concentration camp, 550
	Czech Jews deported to, 300
	deportation destination, 299
	established, 296
	gassing van, 329, 331
	last German Jews deported, killed, 287
	massacres, 251
	Soviet troops liberate, 565
	telegram requesting execution statistics, 303
Riga (Latvia) Ghetto, 99, 581, 257, 260, 285-86, 289, 643
	destruction, 482
	German Jews deported to, 581, 291
	Jews smuggled out of, 288
	Lipke rescuing Jews from, 487, 488
Riga-Kaiserwald (Latvia) concentration camp, 284, 492, 534
Right Way, The, 26-27
"Righteous Among the Nations," 423, 509, 513, 679, 679
Rim, 565, 566
Ring of the Nibelung, The, 30
Ringelblum, Emanuel, 208, 345-46, 348, 364, 366, 495, 514-15, 649, 650, 665, 673
Riots, 504, 241
Ripper, Baron Rudolph Charles von, 696
Rise and Fall of the Third Reich, The, 338
Ristow, A., 70
Ritter, Karl, 476
Ritual murder, 24, 25, 33, 454, 647
Rivesaltes (France) transit camp, 204, 320
Robert und Bertram, 553
Robinson, Edward G., 434
Robota, Roza, 565, 568, 568, 584
Rochard, Denise Alice Josephine, 534
Rödl, Arthur, 554
Roey, Cardinal Joseph-Ernst van, 377-78
Rogers, Edith Nourse, 550, 557
Rogers, Will, 497
Rohatyn (Poland) Ghetto, 453, 457-58
Röhm, Ernst, 38, 66, 71, 73-75, 80, 81
Roitman, Suchar, 246
Rokita, Wilhelm, 391, 469
Rokossovky, Konstantin K., 589
Roma, 57, 77, 557, 580, 653. See also Gypsies; Sinti
Roman Catholics, 42
	antisemitism and, 30, 57
	Belgium, 508
	Birkenau, 679-81, 683
	children hidden by, 355
	Christian Front and, 532
	Church. See Pope Pius XI; Pope Pius XII; Vatican
	College of Cardinals, 491
	conversions, 313
	Coughlin and, 545
	culpability of, 676-78
	"euthanasia" program protest by, 569, 593, 288
	Fourth Lateran Council, 23
	French collaborationists and, 588
	Hitler as, 67, 525
	Hitler's meeting with, 63-64
	Hitler Youth and, 77
	Jesuit journal and, 284
	Jewish conversion to, 556
	Jewish problem and, 360
	Jews posing as, 486
	Kristallnacht and, 547
	La Croix, 30
	Latvia, 260
	Lyon, France, priests protest, 232
	Mengele as, 511
	opposition to Nazis, 539
	Pius XI encyclical, 512
	Polish, 91, 501-102
	posing as, 483
	priests, 508, 214, 357, 365
	rescuers, 432
	sainthood, 313
	Scout movement, 432
	sheltering Jews, 489
	Third Reich and, 68, 70
	Vatican and Holocaust, 403
	youths, 82
Roman Empire, 58, 20, 21, 44-45, 46, 60
Romania, 81, 500-101, 524, 566, 226, 361, 435, 454, 648
	antisemitism in, 44, 89, 599, 200
	death marches and, 260-61
	deported to POW camps, 420
	Fascism in, 26
	Holocaust in, 216
	Iron Guard Legionnaires, 215, 216, 238
	Jewish ransom, 429
	Jews accused of espionage, 233
	Jews fleeing from, 306
	Jews get citizenship, 38
	Jews murdered in, 251
	Jews stripped of citizenship, 525
	joining Allies, 552
	joining Axis, 203
	killing accomplices, 260
	National Legionary government of, 201
	refugees, 569
	Riegner Plan and, 443, 448
	riverboat of fugitive Jews in, 583
	ruler of, 200
	United States declares war on, 327
Romanian High Command, 200
Romanian Orthodox Church, 534
Rome, 59, 538
	Allied forces in, 510, 530, 531
	April 5934 rally in, 79
	deportation of Jews from, 379, 491
	Jewish rebellion in, 43
	Jews searched for in, 489
	occupation by Germany, 479
Rommel, Erwin, 219, 224, 386, 399, 454
Roncalli, Angelo, 542
Roosevelt, Eleanor, 552
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 60, 60, 71, 506, 522, 530, 532, 546, 550, 557, 558, 560, 564, 592, 233, 415-16, 587, 636
	atom bomb and, 565
	British children as immigrants to United States, 599-200
	Casablanca meeting, 414, 415
	condemnation of, 503
	death of, 579, 596, 604
	holding Nazis responsible, 328
	Jewish aides to, 388
	Jewish Brigade and, 576
	Jewish immigration and, 588-89
	Karski, meeting with, 389, 468
	Kristallnacht reaction of, 544
	Morgenthau and, 508
	Moscow Declaration, 495
	refugees and, 529
	report on punishing war criminals, 574
	request for respect of European nations, 561, 562
	Riegner Plan and, 466
	Tehran, Iran meeting, 494, 500
	United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Agency, 496
	war-crimes perpetrators and, 518
	War Refugee Board and, 436, 509, 510, 518
	Wise, Rabbi Stephen and, 344, 396
Roques, Giuseppe Pardo, 548
Rorimer, James, 616
Rosani, Rita, 417, 559-60
Rosenbaum, Ron, 23, 28
Rosenberg, Alfred, 34, 34, 46, 204, 239, 247, 538, 634, 651, 652
Rosenberg, Reuven, 393
Rosenblatt, Roger, 691
Rosenstrasse Protest, 431, 432
Rosenzweig, Cyrla, 223
Rosh Hashana, 266, 642
Rosin, Arnost, 527
Rosner, Henry, 494
Rosner, Poldek, 494
Rotbel, Edward, 371
Rotblatt, Leib, 364
Roth, Germany, 411
Roth, Jack, 596
Rothmund, Heinrich, 537, 538-39
Rotholz, Lotte, 468
Rothschild banking family, 31, 598
Rothschild, Baron Lionel Nathan, 26
Rothschild, Lord, 34
Rothschild maternity hospital, 453
Rothschild Old Age Home, 387
Rottenberg, Rabbi Marcus, 228
Rotterdam (Holland) port, 594
Rottleberode (Germany) labor camp, 604
Rovno, Ukraine, 279, 280, 336, 381, 474
Royal Philharmonic Orchestra (London), 677
Rozenfeld, Bluma, 342
Rozett, Robert, 623
RSHA. See Reich Security Main Office
RSHA Amt VI, 520
Rubenstein, Richard, 666
Rublee, George, 545-46, 557
Rückkehr unerwünscht, 514
Rudna Forest, 335
Rudninkai Forest, 371, 480, 492, 500, 523
Rudolph, Arthur, 680
Rudzki factory, 457
Ruelf, Karoline, 537
Ruhr region, 37, 41, 57, 483-84
Rumbula Forest, 251, 282, 285-86
Rumkowski, Mordechai Chaim, 585, 590, 591, 237, 276, 295, 322, 362, 363, 367
Rummel, R. J., 653
Runstedt, Gerd von, 399
Rupprecht, Philip, 563, 478. See also "Fips"
RuSHA. See Race and Settlement Central Office
Russia, 31, 32, 39, 45, 515, 589, 390. See also Soviet Union
	Beilis trial in, 33
	camp, construction, 307
	civil war, 35
	civilians executed, 437
	German invasion, 408
	immigration to U.S., 656
	Jew badge, 577
	Pale of Settlement, 26
	pogroms, 58, 25, 29, 48, 48
	soldiers, 554
Russian Jew, The, 40
Russian National Liberation (People's) Army, 307, 618, 624-25
Russian Revolution, 34
Rust, Bernhard, 617
Ruthenia, Hungary, 525
Rydz-Smigly, Marzalek Edward, 509
Rzeszów, Poland, 335, 347, 347

S

SA. See Sturmabteilung
Saar-Palatinate, 563
Saarbrücken, 667, 669-70
Saar region (Germany) 90, 204, 205
Saarburg, Germany, 573
Saarland, 21
Sabac, Yugoslavia, 272
Sabbath, 43, 527, 419
Sabbath Delight, 495
Sachsenhausen (Germany) concentration camp, 519, 544, 593, 594, 229, 230, 444, 586, 665, 696
	Auschwitz inmates to, 379, 553
	Baum Group and, 323
	death marches, 563, 606
	Elsas, execution at, 584
	establishment, 56
	Galen in, 261
	gas-poisoning research, 384
	German schoolchildren at, 677
	Holocaust memorial museum, 694
	inscription on barracks, 599
	inspection of, 525
	Jehovah's Witnesses at, 571, 569
	Jews told to roll in snow, 209
	labor force of, 541
	liberation, 579, 611
	Lieberose evacuated to, 574-75
	Luther in, 302
	medical experiments, 459
	neo-Nazi firebomb, 683
	opening of, 507, 508
	patrol of, 509
	synthetic-fat test on, 519
	transfer of Esterwegen inmates to, 60
Sadducees, 59
Safe houses, 570, 577, 584-85, 587
Sahara, 229
St. Anne's Lutheran Church, 519
St. Anthony convent (Poland), 413
St. Augustine, 556
Sts. Cyril and Methodius crypt, 331
St. Florentin-Vergigny, France, 284
St. Gall, 534
St. Hedwig's Cathedral (Berlin), 252, 274, 496
St. James Palace Conference (London), 554, 555, 296
St. Louis, 561, 563, 564
St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 627
St. Martin's, 686
St. Peter's Basilica, 677
St. Thomas, 360
Saint-Vincent, Robert de, 365
Saint-Vith, Belgium, 577
Sajmiste (Yugoslavia), 279, 351, 351, 482
Sakkis, Leon, 533
Sala Nervi, 677
Salaspils (Latvia) camp, 251
Saleschutz, David, 58
Salomon, Alice, 420, 439
Salomon, Ernst von, 666
Salonika (Greece) Ghetto, 336, 431, 456, 456, 470, 516
	Jews rescued by Spain, 467, 511
	labor battalions, 336
	trains to Auschwitz, 436-37, 447-48, 471
	whipping, 341
Salvador (ship), 209
Salvadorean certificates of citizenship, 572
Salvation Army soup kitchens, 28
Salzburg, Austria, 443, 619, 645
Samchuk, Ulas, 261
Samoobrona Naradu, 508
Samovit, Bulgaria, 435
Samuel, Julius, 361
Sanctification in the Name of God ritual, 370
Sanctification of Life, 370
Sanctuary, Eugene N., 77
Sander, Fritz, 462
Sandomierz, Poland, 383, 414, 423, 499
Sandorminski, Willy, 355
San Francisco, California, 528
San Marco, 58
Sanok, Poland, deportations, 360
Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, 531
Sapir, Estelle, 688, 688-90, 692, 693, 694
Sapir, Josef, 688-89
Sarah, 44
Sarajevo, Yugoslavia, synagogue in, 227
Sarny, Ukraine, killings, 357
Sasow (Poland) slave-labor camp, 469
Sátoraljaújhely, Hungary, 524, 527
Sauckel, Fritz, 311, 410, 476, 562, 651, 652
Saul, 58
Saumarez, 646
Saunders, Philip, 692
Sauter, Dr. Fritz, 632
Scaramella, Rosetta, 520
Scarlet fever, 512, 540
Schacht, Hjalmar, 47, 60, 545-46, 547, 553, 640, 651
Schåchtman, Aizic, 246
Scheibel, Jean, 622
Schellenberg, Walter, 558, 520
Schemann, Ludwig, 524
Schilling, Dr. Claus, 637
Schindler, Oskar, 223, 432, 494, 513, 533, 565, 566-67, 590, 611, 685
Schindler's List, 327, 465, 685, 698
Schirach, Baldur von, 48-49, 502, 651, 658, 675
Schischnigg, Kurt von, 526
Schlageter, Albert Leo, 57
Schleicher, Kurt von, 51, 56, 58
Schmeling, Max, 505, 506, 530
Schmidt, Hans, 666
Schmidt, Paul, 541
Schmorak, Emil, 417
Schmorell, Alexander, 429
Schneidemühl, Poland, 591
Schoenberg, Moritz, 561
Schofheide, Germany, 499
Schoihat, Schmerl, 246
Scholl, Hans, 350, 429, 429, 430, 497
Scholl, Inge, 429
Scholl, Sophie, 350, 429, 429, 430, 497
Scholl, Werner, 429
Schömberg, Germany, 610
Schönebeck, Germany, 604
Schönerer, Georg von, 33
Schöngarth, Dr. Karl Eberhard, 300, 303
Schools, 55, 514, 514, 524, 544
Schörzingen, Germany, 610
Schrijver, Salomon, 296
Schrijver, Sam, 257
Schroeder, Gerhard, 665, 667, 686, 698
Schuckburgh, Sir John, 209
Schuhkommando, 525
Schulchan Aruch, 508
Schulte, Eduard, 293, 341-42
Schulz clothing firm, 312
Schumann, Dr. Horst, 384, 585
Schutzhaft, 215
Schutz und Trutz Bund, 35
Schutzpass, 557, 571
Schutzpolizei, 290, 421
Schutzstaffel (SS), 39, 41, 74, 77, 83, 88, 574, 581, 640
	affidavits of, 642
	Auschwitz and, 585-86, 221
	concentration-camp guards, 503, 509, 526, 534, 557
	as "conception assistants," 552, 278
	control of Grafeneck, 519
	Czechoslovakia and, 556
	Dachau under, 62
	Death's Head units, 428
	Dutch collaborationists, 250
	Economic and Administrative Main Office, 373
	economic matters of, 561
	Eichmann in, 529
	Hauptscharführer, 308
	Himmler and, 74, 505, 553, 301, 594
	Hitler and, 613
	Höss in, 593
	instruction sheet for hangings, 409
	intelligence service for, 80
	Italian POWs murdered by, 487
	"Jewish question" and, 234-35
	Latvian Jews and, 251
	medical-experiments telegram, 447
	Neuengamme concentration camp and, 541
	officer, forced labor, 536
	officers in Poland, 584
	Operation Tannenberg, 569
	Polish Jews and, 567, 572, 579
	POWs and, 247
	racial purity and, 555
	raid on offices, 527
	report on gas vans, 327
	rise of, 80
	rituals for christening children, 253
	runes, 91
	Security Service, 571
	sexual abuse of Jewish women by, 473, 474
	soldier in love with Jewish girl, 528
	soldiers, 57, 69, 71
	Stuckart in, 92
	suppression by, 61
	surrender in Copenhagen, 615
	tabulating machine of, 516
	terror system of, 506
	training militia, 266-67
	Viking Division, 525
	in Warsaw, 575
	women in, 601
SS Galizien, 408
SS Parita refugees, 565
SS President Roosevelt, 547
Schwarz, Rudolf, 564
Schwarzbard, Shalom, 44, 248
Schwarzbart, Ignacy Isaac, 476
Schwarzheide (Germany) concentration camp, 594, 608, 623
Schwarzman, Gecel, 369
Schwarzwald, Laura, 440
Schweizerischer Israelitischer Gemeindebund, 517
Schwenningen, Germany, 317-18
Scotland, 230
Scream for Help, The, 66
"Scourge of God, The," 552
SD. See Sicherheitsdienst/Sicherheitspolizei
Sea Lion (Seelöwe) plan, 214-15
Sea of Marmora, 209
Second Aliyah, 656
Second Temple, 20, 43
Secret Field Police, 354
Secret Reich Business, 236
Secret State Police, 63, 74, 395. See also Gestapo
Secret Weapon, The, 503
Security Police. See Sicherheitsdienst/Sicherheitspolizei
Seder, 644
Seele, Gertrud, 585
Segregation measures, 523
"Seizure of power," 58
Sejenane, Tunisia, 454
Sejm, Poland, legislation, 678
Selbstschutz, 260
Seldte, Fran, 56
Selective breeding, 31
Selective Service Act amendments (U.S.), 291
Semlin, Yugoslavia, 351
Sephardic Jews, 331, 435, 448, 451, 456, 467, 552
Septuagint, 59, 57
Serbia, 257, 351
	Jewish problem in, 358
	killings, 667
	Resistance movement, 262
Serbo-Croatian, 226
Serbs, 228, 302, 303-4, 311, 337, 414, 681
	Jasenovac concentration camp, 232
	murder of, 47
	persecution of, 231
Sered, Slovakia, 271, 571
Sereni, Enzo, 529, 573
Sereny, Gitta, 358
Serniki, Poland, escape, 373
Service d'order légionnaire (SOL), 523
Seton-Hutchinson, Graham, 57
Sevastopol, Ukraine, 341, 525
750th Infantry Regiment, 276
Seventh Fort murders, 245
Sewer system, 450, 451, 461, 545, 583, 671
Sexual abuse, 484
Seyss-Inquart, Arthur, 595, 286, 651, 652, 652
Shabbes, Herschl, 386
Shalom Zorin, 485
Shamir, Yitzhak, 297, 658
Shanghai, China, 534, 592, 216, 228
Shapira, Asher, 365
Shapira, Moshe, 417
Sharett, Moshe, 628
Sheparovtse, Ukraine, 272
Sherbateyvich, Volodya, 210
s'Hertogenbosch (Holland) concentration camp, 556-57
Shirer, William L., 597, 338
Shoah, 640, 680. See also Holocaust
Shoah Foundation, 685, 686, 686, 688
Shock Troop Adolf Hitler, 39
Shoes, 443, 478, 479, 479, 525, 585, 621
Shofar, 532
sho'ah, 57
Shrunken head, 661
Shtetls, 45
Shulz, German soldier, 281
Shusterman, Rabbi Gabriel, 503
Siauliai (Lithuania) Ghetto, 537, 541-42, 545
Siberia, 592, 242, 542, 643, 668
Sicherheitsdienst/Sicherheitspolizei (Security Service/Security Police), 74, 76, 80, 501, 506, 529, 549, 574, 581, 211, 270, 303, 401, 447, 465, 512, 634
	arrests Frank family, 506
	Heydrich, 505, 301
	intelligence service, 80
	Jewish Council in Warsaw and, 580
	merged with Security Police, 505
Sicily, Italy, 463, 473, 481
Sidney, Sylvia, 434
Siedlce, Poland, 336, 354, 357, 443
Siedliszcze, Poland, 387
Siemens, 690
	factory, 418
	Schukert plant, 523, 562
Siemiatycze, Poland, 386, 392-93
Sievers, Wolfram, 386
Sighet (Hungary) Ghetto, 528
Sighet, Romania, 505, 506
Silberbauer, Karl, 549
Silesia (Germany) POW camp, 309
Silver, Raddi Abbal Hillel, 388, 519, 628
Silverman, Sidney, 293
Silver Shirts, 57, 89, 530
Simaite, Ona, 509
Simferopol, Ukraine, 287
Simon family, 528
Simon, Joachim, 550
Simon Wiesenthal Center for Holocaust Studies, 668, 678
Sin Against the Blood, 35
Sinai peninsula, 671
Sinclair, Upton, 65
Singer, Israel, 692-93
Sinti, 57, 77, 557, 580, 653, 694. See also Gypsies; Roma
Sipo, 303
Sisak, Croatia, 365
Sister Teresia Benedicta, 313
Six, Dr. Franz, 264, 264, 669-70
Six-Day War, 664, 675, 677
Skalat, Ukraine, 245, 442, 451
Skarzysko-Kamienna (Poland) slave-labor camp, 387, 389, 414, 499, 582-83
Skeletons, 386, 573
Skirpa, Kazys, 207
Skoczylas, Moshe, 359
Skokie, 679
Skokie, Illinois, 679
Skopje, Yugoslavia, 438
Skotnicki, Aleksander, 525
Slave labor, 471, 474, 553, 562, 574. See also specific camps
	air-armament factories, 512
	black-smoke plant, 524
	murders, 465
	valuables search, 465
Slavic people, 39, 45, 515, 214, 219, 581, 667
Slawner, Thea Borzuk, 291
Slobodka, Ukraine, 252
Slonim, Belorussia
	killings in, 247, 281, 346, 395
	Resistance in, 333
Slovakia, 524, 528, 540, 224, 492, 529, 642, 656
	annexation, 539-40
	anti-Jewish legislation in, 561
	deportation, 307, 311, 374, 408
	Fascism in, 26
	Hlinka Guard, 260
	Jews gassed at Auschwitz, 369
	Jews in, 271, 470
	Jews to wear Yellow Stars in, 261
	joining Axis, 203
	national uprising, 564
	as puppet state of Germany, 550
	resettlement, 271
	uprising in, 553-54
	Yellow Stars and, 266
	Zionist movement in, 567
"Slovak Peoples' Party," 539
Slovenia, 312
Smigiel, Mary, 511
Smith, Gerald, 289
Smolensk, Russia, 593, 240, 307, 436, 481
Smorgen, Belorussia, 441
Sneh, Moshe, 628
Snow, T. M., 209
Sobibór (Poland) death camp, 551, 595, 272, 295, 310, 311, 317, 358, 368, 415, 439, 441, 467, 470, 524, 626, 670, 673, 676
	Biala Podlaska Jews sent to, 377
	body burning, 369
	changed to concentration camp, 463
	construction, 307
	corpse-burning escape detail in, 479
	demolished, 493
	Drancy Jews in, 547
	Dutch Jews sent to, 512
	escapees, 402-3
	founder of, 379
	French Jews, 337
	full-scale operations begin at, 311
	gas chambers in, 367
	gassings, 324
	guard at, 669
	Himmler orders destruction of, 489
	Holland Jews to, 450
	Hrubieszów deportation, 325
	inmate revolt, 469
	Markuszów deportations to, 322
	Marseilles Jews deported to, 439
	Minsk Jews deported to, 480
	operations of, 407
	panic at, 488
	railway construction, gas chamber enlargement, 334
	razing of, 503
	revolt, 407, 471, 475, 487, 488-89, 490
	Theresienstadt deportees, 314
	Westerbork Jews sent to, 470
	Wlodawa deportations to, 325
Sobibór: The Forgotten Revolt, 407
Sobolewo railway station, 374
Socha, Leopold, 432
Social Darwinism, 31, 32, 39, 44
Social Democrat, 22, 51, 56, 588, 429
Social isolation, 505
Socialism, 23, 34, 35, 56, 61
	Party leaders, 69
	Zionist youth organization, 480
Soeurs de Sainte Marie, 355, 508
Sokal, Ukraine, deportation, 455
Sokolov, Russia, 435
Sokoly, Poland, 594
Solf, Frau, 593, 609-10
Solf, Wilhelm H., 478-79
Solidarité, 229
Solomon, 58
Solomon's Temple, 58
Soly, Belorussia, 441
Sommerstein, Emil, 628
Sonderbehandlung, 215
Sonderkommando(s), 278, 378, 384, 411, 451, 469, 487, 495, 557, 560-61, 565
	destroying crematorium, 584
	prisoners, 367, 513
	revolt, 563-64, 568
Sonderkommando 4a, 211, 272
Sonderkommando 5005, 465, 499, 667
Sonderkommando Eichmann, 516
Sonderzüge, 415
"Song of the Murdered Jewish People, The," 520
Sonneberg (Germany) camp, 617-18
Sonnenstein euthanasia center, 569
Sonntag, Dr. Walter, 384
Sophie's Choice, 679
Sosenki Forest, 280
Sosnowiec (Poland) Ghetto, 200, 685
	deportations, 322
	hospital raid, 324
	Jews attacked, 634
	liquidation, 457, 469-70
	survivors, 331-32
Sosua, Dominican Republic, 532
Sosua Project, 531
Soup kitchens, 297
South Africa, 32, 515, 543, 395
South America, 395, 620, 659, 663, 668, 678
South American Indians, 39
Southeastern Europe, 23, 429
Sovexport, 671
"Soviet Paradise, The," 322, 323
Soviet Trans-Siberian Railroad, 534
Soviet Union, 80-81, 515, 589, 593, 223, 359, 380, 581, 639, 643, 667, 669
	air drops to Warsaw resistance fighters, 559
	Allied nation, 399
	annexation of Estonia by, 588
	Anti-Comintern Pact and, 508
	antisemitism in, 259
	approaching Berlin, Dresden, 605-6
	Armed Forces, 570
	Army, 590, 249, 280, 309, 519, 485, 614. See also Red Army
	attacks on Hungary, 229
	Auschwitz liberation, 585
	Berlin and, 582
	Bialystok and, 472
	booby traps, 267, 268, 270
	breaking up, 683
	collaborationists, 307, 312, 624-25
	commissar for foreign affairs, 562-63
	counterattack near Stalingrad, 390
	counteroffensive of, 285
	declares war on Japan, 629
	Einsatzkommando trial, 671
	execution reports from, 258, 259, 263
	forced labor and, 418
	German invasion of, 333, 476
	German troops in, 213, 328, 341
	German work camp in, 273
	Germany's war against, 220
	ghettos in, 581, 298, 460
	Great Britain treaty, 246
	Hitler and, 550-51, 200, 225
	Hungarian Jews and, 409
	Hungary declares war on, 324
	Information Bureau, 424
	invasion of, 578, 587, 216, 223, 235, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 244, 245, 254, 270
	invasion of Finland, 581
	invasion of Poland, 571
	Jewish Antifascist Committee, 318, 335, 389
	Jewish military forces, 366
	"Jewish Plot, The," 388
	Jews massacred in, 239, 240, 251, 303, 322, 374
	Katyn Forest execution by, 593, 445
	kidnapping children, 278
	killing squads in, 260
	"Krasnodar Trial," 464
	laborers and, 324
	Latvian SS units, 248
	liberation of Budapest, 507
	liberation of Majdanek camp, 479
	mistaken submarine attack, 304
	nearing Stutthof, 400
	Norwegians fighting against, 334
	Poland and, 573, 596, 330, 442, 445
	Polish underground and, 556
	POWs, 236, 238, 247, 261, 290, 291, 302, 307, 394, 409, 412, 461, 477, 490, 523, 536, 563
	prison, 656
	resistance in, 251, 321, 431, 431, 467, 481
	Romania's Jews accused of espionage, 233
	secret police, 661-62
	Sovexport, 671
	SS and German Army in, 232
	Stalingrad battle, 399
	Summer Olympic Games and, 98
	Szolnok liberated by, 571
	Theresienstadt liberation, 624
	treaty with Great Britain, 323
	troops enter Austria, 599
	troops helping Resistance, 492
	war against Japan and, 587
	war-crimes trials, 634
	weather in, 272
	Zyklon B, 360
Spaichingen, Germany, 610
Spain, 45, 507, 594, 201
	Holocaust and, 331
	Jews escape to, 513
	Jews expelled from, 58, 24, 47
	Jews marked for death in, 303
	loan to, 693
	refugees from, 200
	rescues by, 511
	Sephardic Jews and, 467
	smuggling into, 432
Spandau Prison, 650, 658-59, 675, 682, 697
Spanier, Innes, 561
Spanier, Renate, 561
Spanish Civil War, 502, 506, 509, 560
Spanish Inquisition, 24
Spanish Republicans, 568, 223, 317, 583
"Special installations," 215
"Special treatment," 215, 425
Speer, Albert, 518, 587, 254, 297, 306, 306, 359, 480, 512, 634, 651, 658, 675, 676
Speigel, Elsa, 326
Speigel, Jona, 326
Spett, Sala, 453
Speyer, Prof. Jakob Edmund, 320
Spezialeinrichtungen, 215
Spielberg, Steven, 685, 686, 686, 688
Spitzer, Walter, 466
Spizzichino, Enrica, 491
Spizzichino, Franza, 491
Split, Yugoslavia, 482
"Spring in Yiddish Literature," 449
Srebnik, Shimon, 287, 588
SS. See Schutzstaffel
SS-Totenkopfverbånde, 503
Stadler, Sylvester, 533
Stahlecker, Dr. Franz Walter, 237
Stahlhelm, 32, 36, 60, 287
Stahmer, Dr. Otto, 632
Stalin, Joseph, 550, 562-63, 566, 237, 239, 244, 246, 251, 354, 445, 556, 587, 662
	Jewish Antifascist Committee, 318, 551
	Moscow Declaration, 495
	Tehran meeting, 494, 500
Stalingrad, Russia, 366, 350, 406, 421, 423
	battle, 399
	counterattack near, 390
	deportation to POW camps, 420
	German defeat, 457
	news of defeat, 454
	Putsch, 410
	Soviet defense of, 357
Stalowa Wola (Poland) slave-labor camp, 403
Stamm, proprietor, 546
Stammlager, 412
Stamps, 375
Standarowicz, Mordecai, 459
"Standing cell," 501
Stangl, Franz, 358, 358, 620, 670, 673, 676
Stanislawów (Ukraine) Ghetto, 254, 272, 276, 430-31
Stanley, Oliver, 413
Star of David, 524, 533, 538, 580, 262, 268, 326, 461, 538, 587, 679
	armbands, 583
	business boycott and, 54
	emblem, 576, 577
	Kraków Ghetto, 222
Stark, Jonathan, 569
Stars and Stripes, 650
Starvation, 20, 204, 215, 218, 305, 307, 311-12, 321, 325, 329, 593, 600
Stary Ciepielow, Poland, 395
State Security Main Office, 571
"Station Debunk," 503
Statue of Liberty, 553, 535
Statut des Juifs, 597, 204, 205
Stauffenberg, Claus von, 497, 540, 540, 542
Steel Helmet, 32, 36, 48
Stein, Edith, 313, 313, 344, 347, 680
Steinbrink, Werner, 468
Steinmann, Monsignor, 63-64
Stellbrink, Karl Friedrich, 297, 497-98
Sterilizations, 33, 45, 67, 70, 77, 335, 336, 340, 403, 458, 500, 692
Stern, Abraham, 297, 403
Stern Gang/Group, 297, 403, 530, 572, 629, 658
Sterneckerbråu, 37
Sternzus, Denise, 373
Stettin, Germany, 392
Stevens, George, 673
Stimson, Henry L., 518, 546, 574
Stobierski, Mieczyslaw, 495
Stöcker, Adolf, 29, 30, 33
Stockholm, Sweden, 646
Stoliar, David, 304
Stolin, Belorussia, 365
Stolovitzky, Michael, 491
Stolpce, Belorussia, 317
"Stop Hitler Now" rally, 433, 436
Stopnica, Poland, 387
Storm Troopers (SA). See Sturmabteilung
Stosstrupp Adolf Hitler, 39
Stout, Rex, 503
Straight Path, The, 27
Strange Defeat, 537
Strasbourg Anatomical Institute, France, 386, 477, 573
Strasbourg, France, 458, 461, 560
Strasser, Gregor, 81
Strauss, Johann, 563
Streicher, Julius, 79, 92, 552, 562, 562, 563, 478, 627, 632, 634, 635, 651
Strength through Joy, 71
Strom, Hesia, 295
Stronnictwo Pracy, 514
Stroop, Jürgen, 405, 406, 446, 447, 449, 451, 452, 452, 453, 668
Stroop Report, The, 447, 449
Stropkov, Czechoslovakia, 330
Struma (ship), 304, 306-7, 308-9
Struthof, France, 573
Stryj, Ukraine, 242, 360-61
Stuckart, Dr. Wilhelm, 92, 300, 303
Sturmabteilung (SA; Storm Troopers), 22, 37, 38-39, 47, 57, 60, 61, 65, 69, 70, 73, 88, 89, 374, 498
	assassinations of, 80
	blacklisted materials and, 68
	business boycott, 55, 64
	celebration chant of, 91
	chief of staff, 81
	crushing of, 66
	Dachau under, 62
	development of, 73-74
	Dortmund gathering, 66
	executions by, 52
	Jehovah's Witnesses and, 571
	march in Nuremberg, 517
	Nazi regime opposition and, 92
	Röhm's leadership of, 71, 73
	street patrol, 61
Stuttgart Confession of Guilt, 633
Stuttgart (Germany) concentration camp, 553, 574, 585
	death march from, 569-70
	Eastern Poland concentration-camp inmates sent to, 550
	enlargement of, 517
	Estonia slave-labor camps to, 553
	evacuation, 554, 591, 610, 611
	executions, 563
	forced marches, 592
	liberation, 579, 618
	Nazi regime opposition in, 92
	Siauliai Jews sent to, 541-42
	transfers to, 550
	war-crimes trial, 668
	West Germany, 673
	women starving in, 576
Stutthof (Poland) labor camp, 569, 593, 400, 511, 597, 621
Style and Class, 46
Styron, William, 679
Subotica, Yugoslavia, 222-23
Subsequent Nuremberg Proceedings, 640, 641
Sudetenland, 528, 535, 536, 537, 538, 543, 550, 579, 565-67
Suez Canal, 224, 656, 671
Sugihara, Sempo, 589, 589, 592, 201
Sukkot, 573
Sulzberger, Arthur Hays, 297
Summer Olympic Games, 506, 507
Sun, The, 95
Sun in the House, 91
Supreme Headquarters, Allied Expeditionary Force, 583
Survival in Auschwitz: The Nazi Assault on Humanity, 628
Survivors of the Shoah Visual History Foundation, 685
Swastika, 35, 39, 57, 61, 86, 89, 590
Sweden, 57, 541, 572, 587, 659
	Belgium rocket, 691
	Danes ferrying fugitives to, 488, 489
	escape to, 432
	Germany and, 350
	immigration standards in, 525
	Jewish children and, 558
	Jewish women from Ravensbrück, 592
	Jews from Finland, 281
	Jews granted citizenship in, 29
	Jews marked for death in, 303
	medical care from, 627
	Norwegian Jews smuggled into, 391, 392
	sterilization, 692
	visas for Jews, 540-41
Swedish Transit Hospital, 627
Swieciany, Lithuania, massacre, 267
Swieciany, Ukraine, 434
Swierze, Poland, 330
"Swing Youth," 502
Swiss Bank Corp., 695
Swiss Banking Association, 690
Swiss World Jewish Congress, 342
Switala, Stanislaw, 570
Switon, Kazimierz, 679-80
Switzerland, 500, 539, 583, 587, 616, 643, 688
	bank accounts, 688-91, 695, 696
	border, 522, 532
	Hungarian Jews to, 530
	Jewish Distribution Committee, 517
	Jewish refugees, 351, 367, 370-71, 513, 537, 551, 573-74
	Jews denied entry into, 534, 349-50
	Jews marked for death in, 303
	Jews receive full rights in, 29
	laundering Nazi gold, 693
	Leibholz escape to, 568
	NSDAP in, 501
	passport and, 537, 538-39, 573
	reparations, 691, 695, 696
	smuggling into, 432
	Washington Agreement, 647
	World Jewish Congress, 293
Sword, 464
"Symphonia diabolica," 466, 482
Synagogue, 594
	burnings/destruction, 555, 569, 573, 590, 216, 306
	Cologne rebuilt, 672
	desecration, 252
	destruction, 44-45, 541, 543, 544, 229, 260, 451
	execution, 266
	Jews burned in, 236, 242, 249, 262
	Jews locked in, 267
	looting and destruction of Sarajevo, 227
	as prison, 277
	Warsaw, 596
	Zagreb, 476
Synthetic-fat test, 519
Syracuse, New York, 535
Syria, 670, 675, 676, 677
Szálasi, Ferenc, 515, 565, 569, 629, 643, 643-44
Szarajowka, Poland, 453
Szczebrzeszyn, Poland, 204, 347, 382
Szczecin, Poland, 380-81
Szczerbat, Joel, 325
Szdlowiec, Poland, 439
Szebnie, Poland, 480, 496
Szefflan, Dana, 681
Szenes, Hannah, 529, 531, 571
Szerynski, Joseph, 353
Szmajzner, Stanislaw, 490
Sznajder, Mejer, 626
Sznajderman, Henri and mother, 337
Szner, Zvi, 453
Szojay, Döme, 644-45
Szold, Henrietta, 578
Szolnok, Hungary, 571
Szosznik, teacher, 493
Sztandar Wilnosci, 214
Szydlowiec, Poland, 369
Szyfman-Fainer, Miriam, 433

T

Tabulating machine, 516
Taft, Hessy Levinson, 91
Tallinn, Estonia, 260
Talmud, 563, 679
Tandowski, Abram, 459
"Tango of Death," 391, 466, 469
Tannenberg, Battle of, 81
Targau, Germany, 580
Tarnów (Poland) Ghetto, 329-30
	children shot in, 341
	deportations from 477
	occupation of, 570
	rebellion in, 303
Tasmajdan (Yugoslavia) camp, 248, 257
Tatarsk, Soviet Union, 275
Tattoed human skin, 525, 585, 593, 595, 603
Tattoo numbers, 525
Taxation, 215
Taylor, A.J.P., 673
Taylor, Myron C., 532, 592, 442
Taylor, Telford, 639, 641
Tébessa, Algeria, 430
Technical Service, 576
Tedeschu, Giuliani, 479
Tehran, Iran, meeting, 494, 500
Tel Aviv, Palestine, 504-5, 565, 441, 570, 576, 663-64
	Armed Forces recruitment, 570
	refugee killings, 569
Tel Chai, 626
Telegram, 303, 512
Teleki, Pál, 226, 226
Temple
	destruction of, 58, 44-45
	reconsecration of, 58
"Temple of Honor," 627
Temple, William, 439, 440
Tenancy protection, revocation of, 562
Teneboim, Iankel, 246
Tenenbaum-Tamaroff, Mordechai, 393, 472, 473
Ten Lost Tribes, 58
Terboven, Josef, 305, 625
Terezin. See Theresienstadt (Czechoslovakia) camp/ghetto
Terfve, Jean, 656
Ternopol (Ukraine) Ghetto, 245, 249, 442, 460
Tesch and Stabenow Company, 490
Teutonic knights, 66
Théas, Bishop Pierre-Marie, 358
Theatergebåude, 680-81
Thekla, Germany, 602
Theodor Herzl, 656
Theresienstadt (Czechoslovakia) camp/ghetto, 99, 281-82, 282, 283, 298, 314, 326, 387, 406, 437, 468, 564, 599, 623
	art in, 476
	Ascherlen inmates to, 603
	background, 536
	Baeck deported to, 408
	Berlin hospital patients to, 460
	Bialystok children to, 473
	currency, 283
	Danish Jews in, 485, 489, 592, 605
	deportation, 300, 330, 333, 348, 373, 381, 419, 478, 526, 561, 562, 563, 606
	Eichmann visits, 603
	falsifying population reports in, 497
	fictionalization of, 508-9
	final train from, 569
	International Red Cross takes over, 619
	Jewish-Christian couples, 594
	Johanngeorgenstadt evacuation to, 608
	liberation of, 580, 624
	"model camp," 495
	number of deaths in, 508
	nursing-home residents deported to, 462
	population records of, 346
	postcards from, 398
	propaganda about, 543
	Red Cross, 534-35, 539
	Rehmsdorf death marchers in, 611
	Schönebeck inmates to, 604
	Schwarzheide death march to, 608
	Soviet troops reach, 597
	survivors, 620, 621
	Vienna Jews, 332
	women guards at, 376
	in World War I, 498
Thessaly, Greece, 533
Thielbeck, 619
Thierack, Otto, 367, 370, 390, 390, 642
Third Reich, 24, 212, 359, 470, 546, 689, 690, 696
	Allies closing in on, 586
	annexations by, 521-22, 585
	antisemitism in, 53, 515
	art sales by, 513
	Aryanization and, 67
	beginnings, 70
	Catholics and, 68, 70
	concentration camps and, 507
	defeat of, 431
	end of, 617
	French Jews killed by, 360
	Frick in, 93
	high point of, 331
	Himmler in, 553
	Hitler and, 375
	Hitler's prediction for, 514
	Kristallnacht in, 523
	manufacturing and, 454
	Normandy and, 510
	Olympic Games, 97, 99, 506
	Palestine immigration and, 71
	Poland and, 551
	police apparatus, 301
	SS in, 41
	Sudetenland into, 538
	United States and, 535
	Vatican Concordat, 511-23
	working for, 630
	Zeppelin field and, 518
Third Reich, The, 40
Thomanek, camp commandant, 461
Thompson, Dorothy, 49, 77, 80
Thrace, Greece, 430, 430, 431, 433, 435, 516
Thule Society, 35
Thule-Gesellschaft, 35
Thunder Cross, 234
Thuringia, Germany, 93, 277, 592
Tiefstack, Germany, 598
Tiergartenstrasse 4 (T-4), 569, 588, 593
Time magazine, 691, 695-96, 697, 698
Times Square, New York City, 618
Timisoara, Romania, 501
Tiso, Dr. Jozef, 524, 528, 564, 656
Titian, 318
Tito, Jozef, 223, 231, 408, 492
Tittmann, Harold, 331
Titus, 58, 20
Tlomacha Street synagogue, 451
Tlumacz, Ukraine, 313
Tluste, Ukraine, 573, 348
Toaff, Rav Elio, 677
Todesmårsche. See Death marches
Todt, Fritz, 66
Tokyo, Japan, 242
Toller, Ernst, 564
Tolstoye, Ukraine, 455
Tomaszów Mazowiecki (Poland) Ghetto, 385
Topf (I.A.) und Söhne, 343, 462, 483, 669
Topographical Anatomy of the Human Being, 690
Topolcany, Slovakia, 557, 558-59
Topolya, Hungary, 523
Topovske Supe, 259
Topusko, Yugoslavia, 494
Torah scroll, 44, 535, 573, 237, 252, 478, 546, 648
Torgau, Germany, 580, 610
Toronto, Canada, 680
Tory, Avraham, 352
Totenkopf, 503
Totenkopfverbånde, 557
Totenmahl, 251
Toulouse, France, 466, 496, 546
Touvier, Paul, 650, 685
Train
	cattle cars, 415, 590
	communications for, 378
	deportation, 282
	station, 345
Trans-Saharan Railway, 203, 223
Trans-Siberian Railway, 589
Transcarpathian Ukraine annexation, 539-40
Transfer agreement, 68, 69
Transit camp, 264
Transit visas, 682-83
Transnistria region (Romania), 265, 290, 361, 499, 513, 515, 519
Transylvania, 631
Transylvania (Hungary), 226, 525, 627
Trap with a Green Fence, 406
Trapp, Wilhelm, 334
Trau keinem Fuchs auf gruener Heid und Keinem Jud bei Seinem Eid, 500
Travel permits, 531
Trawniki (Poland) labor camp, 312, 407, 479, 496
Treason trial, 364
Treasury of Jewish Poetry, A, 584
Treaty of St. Germain, 37
Treaty of Versailles, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 27, 34-35, 49, 88, 90, 98, 503, 519
Trebacz, Maurycy, 215
Treblinka (Poland) death camp, 551, 595, 272, 361, 368, 388, 450, 520, 636, 683
	Biala Podlaska Jews sent to, 377
	Bialystok Jews sent to, 385, 421-22, 427, 472, 473, 517
	Chmielnik Jews to, 385
	closing of, 310
	construction of, 467
	Czestochowa Ghetto liquidation at, 368, 369, 433, 439
	eliminating evidence at, 433
	escapees from 406, 665
	Falenica liquidation at, 353
	founder of, 379
	gas-chamber operator, 669
	Greek Jews to, 516
	Grodno Ghetto residents, 408
	increasing gas chamber capacity, 369
	Jedrzejów Jews murdered at, 367
	Jewish Fighting Organization and, 412
	Jews killed in one week, 385
	Kaplan gassed at, 581
	Kaluszyn Jews to, 371
	Kielce Jews deported to, 354
	Losice Jews liquidated at, 354-55
	Luków Jews gassed at, 376
	Macedonia Jews gassed at, 442
	Miedzyrzec deportation to, 356-57, 358, 377
	Miedzyrzec Podlaski Jews killed at, 383, 449, 451
	murders at, 411, 424
	Operation Reinhard and, 311
	Opoczno Jews to, 381
	orphans, 297
	Ostrowiec-Swietokrzyski Jews killed at, 378
	Piortrków Trybunalski Jews at, 378, 382
	Radom deportation to, 346-47, 414
	razing of, 493, 503
	Rembertów deportees, 352
	resistance, 422, 441
	revolt, 470, 471, 477
	Salonika Jews to, 456
	scrapbook of, 475
	Siedlce Jews murdered at, 354
	skeletons from pyres at, 465
	Stangl at, 358, 670, 673, 676
	Stopnica Jews sent to, 387
	Szydlowiec Jews killed at, 369
	Theresienstadt Jews to, 373
	Tomaszów Mazowiecki Jews to, 385
	train to, 357, 415
	uprising at, 406-7
	Warsaw Ghetto deportations, 295, 339-40, 345, 347, 350, 352, 364, 365, 366, 405, 417, 418, 427, 683
	Wirth at, 524
	women killed at, 567
	Zelechów Jews murdered at, 374, 377
Treger, Zelda, 464
Treitschke, Heinrich von, 58, 40, 49
Tresckow, Henning von, 435-36, 436
"Trial and Punishment of European War Criminals, The," 574
Trier (Saar region) demonstration, 90
Trieste, Italy, 58, 417, 487, 597
Tripartate Pact, 299
Tripoli, Libya, 319, 389, 420
Triumph des Willens (Triumph of the Will), 73, 78, 88
Trocmé, André, 486, 507, 510, 513
Trocmé, Magda, 510, 696
Trollhåttan, Sweden, 689
Trotsky, Leon, 519
Truman, Harry S, 552, 580, 581, 596, 604, 636, 643, 649
Trzcinski, partisan, 345
Tsymbal, Andrei, 517
Tuberculosis, 590, 422, 573
Tuchin, Ukraine, 373, 369
Tuchinka Forest, 280, 281
Tuchola Forest, 580
Tuka, Vojtech, 642
Tunis, Tunisia, 396-97, 397
Tunisia, 203
	Allied forces in, 449, 451, 454, 457
	German and Italian troops surrender, 453
	German prisoner, 454
	German troops occupy, 390, 448
Turek, Poland, 630
Turin, Italy, 628
Turkey, 435, 526
	friendship treaty with Germany, 234
	Great Britain armistice, 35
	Jews marked for death in, 303
	passports, 456
Turno Estate, 484
Tuskolaska, Rivka, 626
Tuttlingen, Germany, 610
Twelve Tribes of Israel, 44
21st Latvian Police Battalion, 290
"Twenty-Five Points of the German Religion," 76
Twins, 205, 233, 384, 452, 458, 467, 515, 563
Tykocin, Poland, 259
Tymejko, Bronislawa, 440
Typhoid, 204, 215, 379
Typhus epidemics, 590, 209, 215, 281, 290, 291, 324, 343, 383, 385, 409, 422, 437, 506, 532, 583, 589, 600

U

Übelhör, Friedrich, 581
Übersiedlungsaktion, 573
UBS, 690
Uckermark, children's camp, 607
Ukraine, 39, 44, 211, 214, 390
	auxiliary forces in, 260, 321
	collaborationists, 408
	Crimea purged of Jews, 313
	fighting in, 213
	genocide in, 35, 214, 268, 303, 344
	German helpers from, 345
	Italian POWs murdered by soldiers, 487
	Jews to death camps, 388
	nationalists hunt down Jews in, 592
	occupation of, 239
	pogroms in, 30
	SS soldiers in Warsaw, 447
	Wehrmacht filming riot, 245
	welcoming Germans, 249
Ukranian Auxiliary Police, 246, 260
Ullman, Rabbi Dr. Salomon, 356
Ullman, Victor, 543
Ullstein papers, 564
Uman, Ukraine, murders, 264
Umschlagplatz, 206, 345
Un-American Activities Committee, 553
Uncle Misha. See Gildenman, Moshe
Underground. See also Partisans; Resistance
	activity, anti-Nazi, 295
	Polish, 201, 382
Une connaissance inutile, 659
Unified Partisan Organization, 303
Union Bank of Switzerland, 695
Union of Dutch Journalists, 208
Union of Jews for Resistance and Mutual Aid, 229
Union des Juifs Pour la Résistance et l'Entr'aide, 229
Union Munitions factory, 568
Union of Protestant Churches, 88
Union for Social Justice, 506
United Kingdom, 555. See also Great Britain
United Nations, 434, 498, 642, 644
	Convention for the Prevention of Crimes of Genocide, 634
	formation of, 299
	Genocide Convention treaty, 663, 667
	Israel admitted to, 664
	Palestine partitioning, 660, 662, 665
	Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (Agency), 496, 497, 580, 594, 627, 629, 630, 637, 662
	Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 634
	War Crimes Commission, 298-99, 491, 493, 580
United Palestine Appeal, 388, 519
United Partisan Organization, 291, 371, 464-65, 480, 487, 538
United Romanian Jews of America, 337
United States, 57, 58, 60, 526, 639, 692
	Allied invasion of North Africa, 334
	Allied nation, 399
	amendments to Selective Service Act, 291
	America First Committee, 598
	American Christian Defenders, 77
	American Displaced Persons Act, 636-37
	antisemitism, 43, 508, 525, 530, 552, 553, 253
	Armed Forces, 570, 233
	Army, 3rd division, 616, 618
	Army, 7th Division, 616
	Army, 51th Armored Division, 620, 623
	Army, 42nd and 45th Infantry Divisions, 613
	Army, 71st Infantry and 51th Armored divisions, 597
	Army, 504th Infantry and 3rd Armored Divisions, 603
	Army, Air Force bombs Auschwitz III, 551, 552
	Army Air Force Eighth, 421
	Army Civil Affairs Division, 537
	Army guards return refugee to ship, 203
	Army landing in southern France, 559
	Army liberates Dora-Mittelbau camp, 603
	Army liberates Flossenbürg camp, 609
	Army liberates Kaufering camp, 612
	Army, newspaper, 650
	Army reconnaissance, 596
	Army Signal Corps, 618
	Army, Tiso's capture by, 528
	Auschwitz not bombed by, 554
	Bergson Boys, 429
	Bermuda Conference and, 442, 445
	bombing Ruhr region, 483-84
	British children as immigrants to, 599-200
	capture of Aachen, Germany, 568
	Celler excoriates for silence, 462
	Christian culture in, 501
	Christian Party in, 89
	company blacklist, 301
	Congress, 550
	Congress, House Un-American Activities Committee, 553
	counterintelligence, 264
	Counter-Intelligence Corps, 299
	declares war on Germany, Italy, 286, 287
	declares war on Romania, 327
	Department of Justice Office of Special Investigations, 669
	Department of the Treasury, 508, 509, 693
	displaced persons and, 630, 643
	education restrictions on Jews by, 63
	Emergency Committee to Save the Jewish People of Europe, 428
	Evian Conference, 530-31
	Executive Order 9547, 580
	extradites Artukovic Andrija, 681
	Federal Reserve, 666
	First and Ninth Armies in Ardennes Forest, 575-76, 577-78
	First Army, 597
	First Army's 69th Infantry Division, 580
	Fourth Armored Division, 600, 602
	French Jews and, 359-60
	Friends of the New Germany, 50
	German-American Bund rally, 79, 80
	German conscription and, 90
	German refugees and, 557-58
	Gestapo activities in, 558
	Hollywood and, 253
	Holocaust Memorial Council, 679
	Holocaust Memorial Museum, 57, 679, 682, 686
	Holocaust silence, 395-96
	Holocaust university studies, 678
	House Committee on Immigration, 359-60
	House Foreign Relations (Affairs) Committee, 493-94, 502
	House Immigration Committee, 562
	House of Representatives antisemitism speech, 80
	immigration to, 30, 522, 534, 553, 588-89, 594, 200, 522, 581, 637, 656, 657, 663
	Immigration Restriction Act, 42
	internment camps in, 399
	isolationism and, 532
	Jewish military forces, 366
	"Jewish Plot, The," 388
	Jewish response in, 380
	Jews and, 338, 535
	Justice Department, 498
	Karski's report to Roosevelt, 468
	Katyn massacre and, 445
	Kristallnacht reaction, 546
	LaFarge's antiracism work in, 512
	League of Nations and, 38
	Lindbergh's testimony before Senate Foreign Relations Committee, 217
	mentally-ill sterilizations, 33
	Military Air Operations, 535
	National Archives, 691
	National Olympic Committee, 506-7
	Nazi propaganda in, 67
	Neutrality Act amendment, 200
	Ninth Armored Division, 588
	Ninth Army, 597
	Office of Special Investigations, 678, 682
	Oppenheimer immigration to, 555
	Paul Reveres, 51
	Pearl Harbor bombing, 212-13
	Polish Jews to, 649
	pro-Nazi groups in, 89
	public-opinion poll, 529, 627
	Quanza ship denied entry to, 202-3
	refugees and, 547, 529, 535, 552, 552
	revoking citizenship of Nazi, 682
	Rhineland occupation and, 503
	Riegner Cable/Plan, 293, 390, 350, 466
	ritual murder book and, 454
	St. James Palace Conference in London and, 296
	St. Louis refugees and, 561, 564
	saving Greeks from starvation, 344-45
	Senate banking committee, 690
	Senate Judiciary Committee, 596
	Silver Shirts in, 89
	stamp commemorating liberation of concentration camps, 660
	State Department, 391, 425-26, 428, 448, 510, 694-95
	Summer Olympic Games and, 98, 99
	Supreme Court, 45, 634, 639
	Third Army, 588, 606
	university quotas on Jews, 95
	visas to, 597-98, 400
	Wagner-Rogers bill, 557-58
	war and, 34, 253, 294
	war-crimes trials, 634
	War Department, 507
	War Refugee Board, 497, 518
Unity, 551, 630, 662
"Unity of Humankind, The," 512
University of Berlin, 65
University of Frankfurt am Main, 76, 511, 458
University of Göttingen, 500, 568
University of Lvov, 572
University of Munich, 515, 350, 429, 430
University quotas, 95
University students, 75
University of Vienna, 498, 690
Unter den Linden, 65
Upper Silesia, Poland, 21, 221, 412, 589
Urals, 294
Uranus (riverboat), 583
Urns of ashes, 575
Ustasa, 47, 224, 228, 231, 232, 260, 311, 337, 356, 361, 365, 414, 476, 671

V

V-2 terror rocket, 579, 598, 673
V-E Day (Victory in Europe Day), 580, 597, 617, 618, 619, 623-24, 660
Vado, Italy, 637
Vaihingen (Germany) camp, 592
Vaillant-Couterier, Marie, 274, 378, 500
Vaivara, Estonia, 477, 536
"Valley of Death," 244
Van Dam, Max, 209
van der Lubbe, Marinus, 59
van Gogh, Vincent, 383
Varna, Bulgaria, 209
Vatican, 511, 512, 538, 284, 330, 375, 403, 408, 490
	beatification of Polish Catholics killed by Nazis, 680
	Capella Guilia Choir, 677
	Commission for Religious Relations, 683
	concordat, 68, 70
	euthanasia condemnation by, 208
	first official endeavor to remember Jewish victims, 676
	firsts for, 677-78
	Pius XI's unpublished encyclical, 556
	policy, 502
	Pope Pius XII silence, 401
	sheltering Jews, 489
Vebell, Ed, 650
Vedem, 298, 561, 564
Veesenmayer, Edmund, 528
Veil, Simone, 522, 693
Vélodrome d'Hiver, 337
Venezia, Isaac, 565
"Vengeance" weapons, 574
Venice, Italy, 581
	film festival 5938, 99
	gondola celebration, 228
	Hitler meets Mussolini, 81
	Jewish Quarter in, 24
	Jews deported to Auschwitz, 497
Vera Cruz, Mexico, 202, 203
Verble, Shmuel, 253
Verbond van Nederlandse Journalisten, 208
Vercors, France, 541
Verfügungstruppen, 83
Vernichtung durch Arbeit, 367, 368
Vernichtungskrieg: Verbrechen der Wehrmacht, 5941-1944, 667
Verona, Italy, 417, 559-60
Versailles Treaty. See Treaty of Versailles
Verschuer, Otmar Freiherr von, 76, 666
Vershovsky, Senitsa, 302
Via Rasella, 519
Vichy (France) regime, 542, 586, 597, 598, 220, 223
	Algerian-Jewish Resistance and, 389
	antisemitism in, 203, 347
	Benoît in, 513
	condemnation of, 686
	Darnand in, 523
	de la Chapelle execution, 403
	deportations and, 333, 360
	dismissal of Robert de Saint-Vincent, 365
	expropriation of Jewish businesses, 247
	Fascism in, 312
	German propaganda poster, 382
	Gypsies and, 320
	Jewish children and, 369
	Jewish Statute, 204, 204, 205
	Laval in, 296, 327, 368
	liberation of, 559
	Lyon priests protest of antisemitism in, 232
	medical experimentation and, 398
	Milice in, 530
	Nazis occupy, 384, 389, 420
	Pétain in, 284, 668
	Resistance in, 252, 314, 389
	restrictions, 261, 323
	Spanish Republicans and, 317
	Touvier in, 650
Victor Emmanuel III, 481, 488
"Victory of Judaism over Germandom: From a Non-Denominational Point of View," 41
Victory of Judaism Over Germanism, The, 27-28
Vienna, Austria, 29, 33, 521, 526, 563, 673, 674
	Academy of Art, 29, 30, 32-33
	art auction, 688, 693
	community dissolved, 384
	deportations from 226, 275, 299, 326, 332, 501, 606
	emigration bureau, 533, 534
	evacuation from, 600
	fugitive Jews on riverboat from, 583
	Hitler in, 29-32, 33,
	Jewish intellectuals in, 478
	Jewish population in, 26, 31
	Nazis force grass eating in, 527
	resettlement action in, 573
	Soviet troops enter, 604
Viliampole (Lithuania) Ghetto, 257
Vilkaviskis, Lithuania, 661
Ville-Le-Grande, France, 540
Vilna (Lithuania) Ghetto, 581, 214, 242, 252, 450
	deportations from 259-60, 471
	elderly handed over, 381
	escapes from 476
	executions in, 244-45, 263, 270, 441, 462, 479
	forced-labor camp, 296, 457
	gate, 433
	Hebrew Ghetto Choir, 414
	identification card, 386
	Jewish Council in, 247, 464-65
	last Jews executed at, 538
	life in, 257
	liquidation of, 407, 480, 481
	performances in, 357
	poetry in, 449
	Resistance in, 213, 214, 291, 303, 336, 371, 393, 464-65, 467, 474, 486, 487, 509, 523, 537, 538, 540
	slave labor in, 262
Vilna (Poland) pogrom, 528
Vinnitsa, Ukraine, 258-59, 266-67, 268
Virbalis, Soviet Union, 235
Visas, 569, 201, 206, 331, 540-41
Vistula River, 317, 412, 585
Vitebsk (Belorussia) Ghetto, 271, 534
Vittel (France) concentration/transit camp, 402, 520, 561
Vladivostok, Russia, 589
Vlasov, Andrei, 618, 624
Vogel, David, 515
Vogel, Hans, 605
Voice of Freedom, The, 503
Volary, Czechoslovakia, 421, 639, 641
Volhynia area, Poland, 283-84, 343-44, 474
Volk (people), 70, 71
Völkisch, 33
Völkischer Beobachter, 34, 39, 67
Volkovysk, Poland, 385
Volksdeutsche, 555, 238, 267
Volksdeutsche Mittelstelle, 515
Volksempfånger, 56
Volksgericht, 79, 542
Volksgerichtshof, 300, 390, 429, 593
Volkstrum, 619
Volkswagen AG, 670, 689, 690, 696
Volyn, 261
Vranetic, Ivan, 494
Vrba, Rudolf, 521
Vrijwillige Hulp-Politie, 318
Vught (Holland) concentration camp, 412, 444
	children sent to Sobibór, 457
	crematorium, 499
	dissection table, 540
	gallows, 539
Vyhne labor camp, 271

W

Wachalska, Anna, 423
Wachalska, Stanislawa, 423, 486
Wachter, Otto, 222
Waffen-SS, 557
	Belgian recruits, 334
	Bosnian Muslims in, 365, 464
	Dachau training site, 591
	enlistments, 238
	execution observation by, 268
	Finnish battalion, 452
	Gerstein in, 396
	grave digging, 320
	graves, 681
	Mengele in, 458
	Red Army victory, 240
	retreating, 546
	training camp, 573
	war crimes, 694
Wagner, Eduard, 232
Wagner, Richard, 30
Wagner, Robert F., 550, 557
Wagner-Rogers Child Refugee Bill, 550
Wajda, Andrzej, 671
Wala Przbyslawski, Poland, 397
Waldeck-Pyrmont, Josias Erbprinz von, 658
Waldheim, Kurt, 498, 681
Waldman, Yaakov, 630
Wallenberg, Raoul, 656
	Budapest arrival of, 540-41
	intervention of, 572
	monument to, 688
	protective passports by, 432, 507, 557, 568, 571
	Protectors of Jews and, 573
	safe homes and, 584
	Soviets arrest, 570, 570, 586, 588
Wallonian Legion (Belgium), 201, 251-52
Walloon Volunteers, 245
Walter, Bernard, 246
Wannsee Conference, 92, 529, 220, 294-95, 297, 300-303, 310, 352, 395
Wannsee Haus, 300, 301
"War of Annihilation: Crimes of the Wehrmacht," 667
War crimes
	Brack's, 662-63
	China-European resolution, 301
	Daluege's, 374
	doctors' trial, 658
	Frank's, 574
	Greiser's, 287
	hangings, 668
	Kaltenbrunner's, 418
	Natzweiler administrators, 647
	Priebke's, 519
	Ribbentrop's, 566
	Schirach's, 676
	Speer's, 676
	Stangl's, 358
	Szálasi's, 643-44
War Crimes Commission (United Nations), 298-99
War-crimes trials, 437, 580, 557, 572, 617, 634, 635. See also Nuremberg Trials
War Crimes Tribunal, 632
War criminals, 299, 373, 641, 653, 658-59, 671, 678. See also specific criminals
Warendorf, Germany, 287
"War guilt clause," 21
"War of Annihilation: Crimes of the Wehrmacht," 667
War Refugee Board, 432, 509
	Auschwitz bombing view of, 572
	basis for, 497, 508
	Jews for trucks, 530
	meeting of, 518
	Roosevelt creates, 436, 510
	Wallenberg and, 570, 588
Warsaw, Poland, 551, 559, 574, 310, 357, 616-17, 688
	arrest of Kaplan in, 362
	Aryan executions, 582-83, 462, 475, 514-15, 541
	Aryan section, 450, 471
	Aryan section searches, 520
	Bialystock rail line, 310
	bombing of, 568-69
	burning of, 567
	falls to Germans, 572
	Jewish Bund in, 327, 328
	Jewish Quarter of, 568
	memorial plaque, 683
	Nazis shoot Jews in prison, 327
	policeman killed in, 228
	Polish thugs in, 644
	Polish women in, 238, 605
	riot in, 528
	ruins of, 575
	Soviet troops in, 583, 586, 589
	trial, 657
	underground, 297, 393, 395
	war crimes, 668
	weapons raid, 576
Warsaw (Poland) Ghetto, 581, 583, 295, 338, 405, 425, 450, 469, 520, 655, 683, 697
	abuse in, 215
	book burning for warmth in, 589
	bunkers and hideouts in, 448, 449, 450, 457, 569
	care center in, 225
	children in, 206, 230, 234, 269, 270, 329, 348, 409, 558
	construction of, 579
	contraband, 374
	culture in, 401
	Czyste Hospital, 445
	dead horses for meat in, 205
	death march from, 546
	death train to Dachau, 549, 550
	deportation to Treblinka, 339-40, 345, 347, 350, 352, 364, 365, 366, 417, 418, 446
	deportees to, 216, 220, 224
	diary of, 208, 342-43, 346, 650, 665
	doctors studying starvation in, 305
	documentation of, 673
	establishment of, 596, 206-7
	executions for leaving without permission, 281, 315
	fires, fighting in, 445-46
	food smuggling, 305
	forced labor and, 228
	fortified bunkers in, 373
	German Jews deported to, 273
	German policeman fires on funeral procession, 287-88
	ghetto administration armband, 235
	inspiration for others, 449
	Jewish Council, 580, 221
	Jewish Fighting Organization in, 341
	Jews denied fuel in, 214
	Jews in hiding, 453, 457, 468
	Karski in, 389, 468
	killings, 288, 323, 363, 417-18
	Lejkin assassination, 383
	Lubetkin in, 583
	map of deportations to, 227
	medical training, 422
	moving into, 205
	newspaper in, 325-26, 381, 392
	"Night of Blood, The," 314
	Nissenbaum, Rabbi Yitzhak, 370
	nurse diary, 222
	pilgrimage, 676
	policeman in, 383
	Polish labor battalion sent into, 475
	population of, 216
	propaganda photos, 218, 219
	public-library prohibition for residents of, 590
	quotas, 295
	raid in, 229
	religious, family celebrations in, 291
	resistance in, 209, 382, 409, 419, 448-49, 450
	Ringelblum at, 514-15
	sealing of, 587
	special children's day, 320
	Star of David armbands in, 577, 583
	starvation in, 218, 307, 312, 316, 325
	survivors of, 329
	teenage girls' rape in, 591
	textile factory in, 289
	uprising, 405-6, 417, 444, 447, 449, 450, 451, 452
	valuables search, 465
	wall around, 204
	woman escapee, 328
Warthegau province (Poland), 573, 579, 583, 437, 649
Washington Agreement, 647
Washington Conference, 691-92
Washington, D.C., 546, 299, 304, 596, 682, 685, 694, 695
Washington Evening Star, 627
Washington, George, 89
Washington Heights, New York, 547
Wasserman, Meir, 393
Watchtower, The, 571
Watnicki, Marian, 533
Watnicki, Mietek, 533
Wawer, Poland, 583
Wedekind, Adolf, 250
"Wednesday Club, The," 541
"Week of the Absent," 575
Weer Afdeeling, 49
Wehrmacht (German Armed Forces) 88, 675
	attacking France, Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands, 586
	despondent officers, 555
	destruction of Jews and, 670
	filming riot, 245
	France and, 498
	Gestapo. See Gestapo
	High Command, 660
	Hitler and, 538, 576
	invasion of Soviet Union by, 212, 246
	killings of, 242
	Luftwaffe. See Luftwaffe
	Militarized Standby Troops in 83
	officers, 657
	Operations Staff, 640
	Operation White, 550
	Poland and, 568
	retreating, 545, 546, 613
	Schutzstaffel. See Schutzstaffel
	security services, 520
	soldiers, 399
	Soviet Union and, 232, 273, 302, 498
	Sturmabteilung. See Sturmabteilung
	supreme commander of, 524-26
	uniforms, 285
	Waffen-SS. See Waffen-SS
	war of annihilation, 269
Weiler, Samuel, 393
Weimar, Germany, 516
Weimar Republic
	Der Stürmer in, 43
	Esterwegen "protective custody" camp, 60
	Gestapo in, 78
	Haavara agreement, 68
	Hitler and, 25, 45, 56, 67, 81
	inflation, government debt in, 20, 22, 41, 50, 53
	money, 23
	Nazi Storm Troopers in, 66, 273
	prison, 517
	Socialists and, 69
	Versailles Treaty and, 21
Weiner, Z., 433
Weinsaft, Harry, 633
Weintraub, Abraham, 240
Weiss, Ernst, 597
Weiss, Rabbi Naftali Zvi, 527
Weiss, Reska, 532
Weizmann, Chaim, 517, 380, 538, 570, 669
Weizsåcker, Ernst von, 490, 490, 491
Weliczker, Leon, 499
Wells, H. G., 65
Weltsch, Robert, 62
"We Remember: A Reflection on the Shoah," 683
Wersterweel, Joop, 550
Wesembeek-Oppen, Belgium, 355
Wesola, Poland, 352
Wessel, Horst, 545
West Germany, 641, 681, 689
	apology for Nazi persecution, 668
	Central Office for the Investigation of National Socialist (Nazi) Crimes, 671
	Luxembourg Treaty, 669
	reparations legislation, 673-74
	united with East Germany, 683
West Prussia, 21
Westerbork (Holland) transit camp, 561, 257, 337, 352, 432-33, 473, 485, 499, 506
	deportation from, 292, 470
	deportation to Auschwitz, 333-34, 512, 515, 556, 561
	deportation to Sobibór, 512, 529
	deportation by train, 424
	propaganda photo of, 347
Western Europe, 565, 567, 586, 444
	Allies, 554, 555, 589, 591, 592
	concentration camps in, 371
	deportations from, 311
	Gypsies in, 24
	Polish Jews to, 649
	rescuers in, 432
Western Front/Theater, 32, 399, 577
Westphalia, Germany, 77
Wetzel, Alfred, 276
Wetzler, Alfred, 521
Wewel castle, 459
Wewelsburg fortress, 77
We Will Never Die, 434, 435
Wheeler, Burton, 253, 258
Whippings, 512
White House (U.S.), 695, 697
White Paper: Great Britain, 550, 554, 560, 563, 595, 598, 372, 547, 657
White Rose
	flyer, 350
	organization, 429, 430, 464, 497
Wieliczka, Poland, Jews killed at Belzec, 356
Wielka Wola, Poland, 346, 393
Wielun, Poland, 354
Wiemar Republic, 38
Wiener, Ruth, 511
Wierzbica village, 421
Wiesbaden, Germany, 358
Wiesel, Elie
	Auschwitz and, 40
	Auschwitz-Birkenau and, 51
	background of, 627, 627
	memoir, 57
	rebuke to Ronald Reagan, 627
	remembering Holocaust, 57, 58, 368, 412, 424, 505-7, 528, 695, 697
Wiesel, Shlomo, 507
Wiesel, Tzipora, 505
Wiesenthal, Simon, 673
Wigodsky, Dr. Jacob, 258
Wilck, Gerhard, 570
Wilhelm II, Emperor, 479
Wilhelmshaven, Germany, 421
Wilson, Hugh, 546
Winrod, Rev. Gerald B., 43, 289
Winterthur, 694
Wirth, Christian, 272, 299, 310, 523-24, 524
Wirths, Dr. Eduard, 384
Wirtschafts- und Verwaltungshauptamt, 561, 305, 656
Wise, Rabbi Stephen S.,
	American Jewry's leader, 293, 380, 388, 436, 519
	attack on, 397
	background of, 71
	"Final Solution" cable reception by, 357
	House Foreign Relations Committee hearing, 502
	Jewish slaughter confirmation by, 391
	Madison Square Garden address, 344
	Roosevelt meeting, 396, 466
Wisten, Fritz, 564
"With Burning Concern," 512, 516
Wittenberg, Yitzhak, 465, 480
Wloclawek (Poland) Ghetto, 576, 377
Wlodawa, Poland
	attack on Turno Estate, 484
	forced labor in, 325
	resistance in, 447
Wlodzimierz Wolynski, Poland, 501
Wlodzislaw, Poland, 586
Wöebbelin (Germany) concentration camp, 619-20
Wolenska, Zofia, 469
Wolff, Karl, 301
Wolfratshausen, Germany, 590
Wolf's Lair," 543
Women
	as camp guards, 376
	Holocaust and, 567. See also Ravensbrück
	Polish POWs, 605
	in Red Army, 515
	serving in British Armed Forces, 375
	sexual abuse of, 473, 474
Work camp, 581. See also Forced labor
Work obligation decree, 576-77. See also Forced labor
Work permit, 247, 433
"Work Will Set You Free," 215, 283, 428. See also Arbeit Macht Frei
World Alliance Against Jewish Aggressiveness, 77
World History of the Jewish People, 289
World International Zionist Organization, 411
World Jewish Congress
	German reparations payments and, 692-93
	Germans slaughtering Jews announcement, 391
	Goldmann, Nahum and, 513
	intermediary with SS, 590
	knowledge of French Jew deportations, 362
	London conference of, 328
	Masur, Norbert and, 599
	New York announcement of, 324
	Reigner, Gerhart and, 293, 342
	rescue operations of, 432
	Romanian Jews fund, 443
	Wise, Stephen and, 71, 357, 396
World Jewish Restitution Organization, 695
World War I, 26, 45, 48, 515
	German government after, 53
	German soldiers after, 20
	Germany's defeat in, 25, 36, 597, 498
	Göring in, 559
	Hitler's experience in, 32, 34, 40
	Jews serving in German Army during, 45
	Treaty of Versailles and, 503. See also Treaty of Versailles
	veterans of, 60, 73
World War II
	Allies condemn German atrocities, 295
	American Jewish Conference and, 475
	beginning of, 512, 568-69
	deportations of Jews during, 470
	ending of, 588, 619, 630, 662, 672, 682
	eve of, 594, 337
	Hagana in. See Hagana
	Jewish combatants in, 366
	Jewish women during, 567
	Jews in countries occupied by Germany, 45
	Jews killed during, 606
	lives lost in, 581
	outbreak of, 281, 348, 390
	people killed during, 634
	Pope Pius XI and, 511
	Red Cross and, 539
	Stalingrad and, 350
	Swiss misappropriation of Jewish funds after, 687, 698
	United States entry into, 213, 294, 535
	Vichy regime during. See Vichy regime
	years leading up to, 330, 684
World Stage, The, 503
World Zionist Congress, 22nd, 628
World Zionist Organization, 31, 504, 517, 570, 576
Worms, Germany, 24
Wurm, Bishop Theophil, 599, 202, 288, 465
Württemberg, Germany, 519, 202, 288, 465
Wyman, David, 507

Y

Yad Vashem, 682, 686, 696
	Avenue of the Righteous and, 674
	Benoît, Pierre Marie, recognition by, 513
	Bruno, Father, recognition by, 355
	Czerniaków's diary, 346
	"Memorial to the Deportees," 685
	monument on grounds of, 659
	"Righteous Among the Nations" recognition by, 679
	Simaite, Ona, recognition by, 509
	Sugihara, Sempo, recognition by, 682
	Vranetic, Ivan, recognition by, 494
	Wachalska, Anna, recognition by, 423
Yale University, 686
Yalta, Ukraine, Allied conference, 593
Yankel, 484, 486
Yellow patch, 47
Yellow Star, 514
	armbands, 597, 203
	badge, 231, 256-57, 284, 296, 355
	in Belgium, 323
	children protest, 335
	in France, 328, 342
	in Germany, 62, 336
	in Macedonia, 363
	in Poland, 577
	precursor of, 47
	in Slovakia, Bohemia, Moravia, 261, 266
	in Ukraine, 245
Yellow triangle, 576
Yeu Island, 628, 668
Yiddish, 46, 567, 446, 450, 520, 523, 551, 644, 662, 695
Yishuv, 372, 375, 384, 459, 509, 662
Yom Atzmaut, 655
Yom ha-Sho'ah, 57, 655, 667, 697
Yom Kippur, 561
Yom Kippur War, 664
Yorkville, Pennsylvania, 67
Yosselevska, Rivka, 350
You Can't Trust a Fox in a Heath and a Jew on His Oath, 500
Young Plan, 27
Young Voice, 392
Youth Aliya, 547, 578
Youth "Protection" Camp, 486
Yugent-Shtime, 392
Yugoslavia, 301, 361, 435, 492, 681
	as Allied nation, 399
	Army of, 242
	Axis countries and, 223
	collaborationists in, 325
	executions in, 223
	fugitive Jews on riverboat and, 583
	invasion/occupation of, 224, 226, 228, 264
	Jewish registration directive in, 226
	mass grave in, 276
	partisan fighters in, 231, 242, 319
	Ustasa. See Ustasa

Z

Zagreb, Croatia, 229
	Jews deported from, 343
	order to vacate, 231
	synagogue demolished in, 476
Zagreb, Yugoslavia, 227
Zagrodski, Poland, 344, 350
Zalcman, Shmuel, 434
Zambrów (Poland) holding camp, 385, 414
Zamosc region, Poland, 313, 390, 392
Zaremba, Maciej, 692
Zaslaw (Poland) concentration camp, 256, 416
Zawichost, Poland, 375
Zawiercie, Poland, 474
Zawistowska, Sophie, 411
Zbaraz, Ukraine, 458
Zbaszyn (Poland) refugee camp, 522, 539, 540, 540, 541, 544, 564
Zdunska Wola (Poland) Ghetto, 304, 355
Zealots, 20
Zechariah tomb, 372
Zegota, 432
Zeilsheim (Germany) displaced-persons camp, 581, 630, 631, 632, 649
Zeitlin, Hillel, 365
Zeitschrift für Rassenkunde, 89
Zelasneg, Paulette, 342
Zelechów, Poland, 374, 377
Zelikowicz, Joseph, 321
Zeltzer, Yisrael, 362
Zemun, Yugoslavia, 475
Zentralstelle für Jüdische Auswanderung, 534
Zerfass, Julius, 25
Zezmariai (Lithuania) camp, 518-19
Zhitomir, Ukraine, 240, 250, 264, 266
Zhukov, Georgi K., 582, 614, 617
Zielinski, Abraham, 535
Zielonka, Poland, 578
Ziereis, Franz "Babyface," 537, 317
Zimetbaum, Mala, 535
Zionism, 27
	activists, 534, 282, 380, 437, 514, 519
	American, 321
	antisemitism and, 655-56, 675
	goals of, 642
	leaders, 31, 47, 589
	movement, 567, 624, 628
	Polish underground, 568
	standard, 509
	youth movement of, 200, 450, 472, 583
Zionist Executive, 666
Zionist Federation, 425
Zionist Organization, 68, 69, 356
Zionist Socialists, 297-98
Zionist Stern Gang, 297
Zitterman, Summer, 246
Zlatin, Sabina, 408, 687
Zloczow, Ukraine, 244
Zola, Èmile, 65
Zólkiew, Poland, 439-40
Zolochev, Ukraine, 385
Zossen, Germany, 577
Zrenjanin, Yugoslavia, deportation, 257
Zuckerman, Yitzhak, 209, 450, 450, 570, 583, 628
Zundel, Ernst, 680
Zurawski, Mordechai, 588
Zwierszewski, Henri, 355
Zwierzyniec, Poland, 347
Zwittau, Germany, 590
Zyardow Stadium (Poland), 572
Zychlin, Poland, Jews deported to Chelmno death camp, 305
Zydowska Organizacja Bojowa (ZOB)
	arrests of, 362
	assassination attempt of, 353
	in Bedzin Ghetto, 470-71
	betrayal of, 383
	establishment of, 341
	in Kovno Ghetto, 461
	members of, 364, 439, 449, 450, 486, 583
	rail-line disruption by, 392, 492
	resistance by, 405
	rounded up in Czestochowa, 411-12
	sheltering of, 570
	in Warsaw Ghetto, 446
Zygelbojm, Samuel Artur, 425, 425, 452
Zyklon B, 295, 360
	Auschwitz's use of, 212, 247, 299, 479, 681
	Belzec's use of, 308
	development of, 25, 269, 343, 396, 454
	Majdanek's use of, 479, 545
	manufacturers of, 454, 490, 691
	Stutthof's use of, 621